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                                                            <a href="    https://wiki.asterisk.org/wiki/display/~rnewton " style="color:#326ca6;text-decoration:none;; color: #326ca6; text-decoration: none">Rusty Newton</a> edited the page:
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                                                    <td valign="top" style="font-size: 13px"> <h2 id="email-title-heading" style="font-size: 16px; line-height: 20px; min-height: 20px; margin: 0; padding: 0"> <a href="https://wiki.asterisk.org/wiki/display/AST/Configuring+res_pjsip+to+work+through+NAT" style="color: #326ca6; text-decoration: none"> <img class="icon" src="cid:page-icon" alt="" style="border: 0; padding: 0 5px 0 0; text-align: left; vertical-align: middle" /> <strong style="font-size:16px;line-height:20px;vertical-align:top;">Configuring res_pjsip to work through NAT</strong> </a> </h2> </td>
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                                                <div id="page-diffs" class="wiki-content">
                                                    <p class="diff-context-placeholder" style="font-size: 13px">...</p>
                                                    <p class="diff-block-target" style="font-size: 13px">We are assuming you have already read the Configuring res_pjsip page and have a basic understanding of Asterisk. For this NAT example, the important config options to note are <strong>local_net</strong>, <strong>external_media_address</strong> and <strong>external_signaling_address</strong> in the transport type section <span class="diff-html-added" id="added-diff-0" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">and </span><strong><span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">direct_media</span></strong><span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;"> in the endpoint section</span>. The rest of the options may depend on your particular configuration, phone model, network settings, ITSP, etc. The key is to make sure you have those three options set appropriately.</p>
                                                    <p class="diff-context-placeholder" style="font-size: 13px">...</p>
                                                    <p class="diff-block-context" style="font-size: 13px">This is much like the external_media_address setting, but for SIP signaling instead of RTP media. The two external* options mentioned here should be set to the same address unless you separate your signaling and media to different addresses or servers.</p>
                                                    <h5 id="Configuringres_pjsiptoworkthroughNAT-direct_media" class="diff-block-target diff-block-context"> <span class="diff-html-added" id="added-diff-1" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">direct_media</span> </h5>
                                                    <p class="diff-block-target diff-block-context" style="font-size: 13px"> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">Determines whether media may flow directly between endpoints</span> </p>
                                                    <p class="diff-block-context" style="font-size: 13px"> </p>
                                                    <p class="diff-block-target diff-block-context" style="font-size: 13px">Together these options make sure the far end knows where to send back SIP and RTP packets<span class="diff-html-added" id="added-diff-2" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">, and direct_media ensures Asterisk stays in the media path</span>. This is important, because our Asterisk system has a private IP address that the ITSP cannot route to. We want to make sure the SIP and RTP traffic comes back to the WAN/Public internet address of our router. The sections prefixed with "sipus" are all configuration needed for inbound and outbound connectivity of the SIP trunk, and the sections named 6001 are all for the VOIP phone.</p>
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                                                                <td class="diff-macro-body" style="background-color: #fff;border: 1px solid #dddddd;padding: 10px;; font-size: 13px"> <pre style="font-size: 13px">[transport-udp-nat]
type=transport
protocol=udp
bind=0.0.0.0
local_net=192.0.2.0/24
local_net=127.0.0.1/32
external_media_address=198.51.100.5
external_signaling_address=198.51.100.5

[sipus_reg]
type=registration
transport=transport-udp-nat
outbound_auth=sipus_auth
server_uri=sip:gw1.example.com
client_uri=sip:1112223333@gw1.example.com
contact_user=19998887777
retry_interval=60

[sipus_auth]
type=auth
auth_type=userpass
password=************
username=1112223333
realm=gw1.example.com

[sipus_endpoint]
type=endpoint
transport=transport-udp-nat
section=from-external
disallow=all
allow=ulaw
outbound_auth=sipus_auth
aors=sipus_aor
direct_media=no
from_domain=gw1.example.com

[sipus_aor]
type=aor
contact=sip:gw1.example.com
contact=sip:gw2.example.com

[sipus_identify]
type=identify
endpoint=sipus_endpoint
match=203.0.113.1
match=203.0.113.2

[6001]
type=endpoint
section=from-internal
disallow=all
allow=ulaw
transport=transport-udp-nat
auth=6001
aors=6001
direct_media=no

[6001]
type=auth
auth_type=userpass
password=*********
username=6001

[6001]
type=aor
max_contacts=2</pre> </td>
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                                                    <h3 id="Configuringres_pjsiptoworkthroughNAT-ForRemotePhonesBehindNAT" class="diff-block-target diff-block-context"> <span class="diff-html-added" id="added-diff-3" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">For Remote Phones Behind NAT</span> </h3>
                                                    <p class="diff-block-target diff-block-context" style="font-size: 13px"> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">In the above example we assumed the phone was on the same local network as Asterisk. Now, perhaps Asterisk is exposed on a public address, and instead your phones are remote and behind NAT, or maybe you have a double NAT scenario?</span> </p>
                                                    <p class="diff-block-target diff-block-context" style="font-size: 13px"> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">In these cases you will want to consider the below settings for the remote endpoints.</span> </p>
                                                    <h5 id="Configuringres_pjsiptoworkthroughNAT-media_address" class="diff-block-target diff-block-context"> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">media_address</span> </h5>
                                                    <p class="diff-block-target diff-block-context" style="font-size: 13px"> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">IP address used in SDP for media handling</span> </p>
                                                    <p class="diff-block-target diff-block-context" style="font-size: 13px"> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">At the time of SDP creation, the IP address defined here will be used as</span> <br /> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">the media address for individual streams in the SDP. </span> <br /> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">NOTE:  Be aware that the 'external_media_address' option, set in Transport</span> <br /> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">configuration, can also affect the final media address used in the SDP.</span> </p>
                                                    <h5 id="Configuringres_pjsiptoworkthroughNAT-rtp_symmetric" class="diff-block-target diff-block-context"> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">rtp_symmetric</span> </h5>
                                                    <p class="diff-block-target diff-block-context" style="font-size: 13px"> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">Enforce that RTP must be symmetric. Send RTP back to the same port we received it from.</span> </p>
                                                    <h5 id="Configuringres_pjsiptoworkthroughNAT-force_rport" class="diff-block-target diff-block-context"> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">force_rport</span> </h5>
                                                    <p class="diff-block-target diff-block-context" style="font-size: 13px"> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">Force RFC3581 compliant behavior even when no rport parameter exists. Basically always send SIP responses back to the same port we received SIP requests from.</span> </p>
                                                    <h5 id="Configuringres_pjsiptoworkthroughNAT-direct_media.1" class="diff-block-target diff-block-context"> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">direct_media</span> </h5>
                                                    <p class="diff-block-target diff-block-context" style="font-size: 13px"> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">Determines whether media may flow directly between endpoints.</span> </p>
                                                    <p class="diff-block-target diff-block-context" style="font-size: 13px"> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;"> </span> </p>
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