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<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>Thanks for all the help. I have been in
this biz for several years using windows machines and analog dialers. I need to
get on top of learning enhanced networking, linux systems and firewalls.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>Lots of goof information – Much appreciated!
<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>Mark Adams<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
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<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 color=black face=Tahoma><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma;color:windowtext;font-weight:bold'>From:</span></font></b><font
size=2 color=black face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma;
color:windowtext'> asterisk-users-bounces@lists.digium.com
[mailto:asterisk-users-bounces@lists.digium.com] <b><span style='font-weight:
bold'>On Behalf Of </span></b>Lyle Giese<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Sent:</span></b> Thursday, June 12, 2008 9:41
AM<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>To:</span></b> <st1:PersonName w:st="on">Asterisk
Users Mailing List - Non-Commercial Discussion</st1:PersonName><br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Subject:</span></b> Re: [asterisk-users]
aSTERISK / Vicidial systems over 4MB fiber</span></font><font color=black><span
style='color:windowtext'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
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<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color=black face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color=black face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt'>Tilghman Lesher wrote: <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<pre wrap=""><font size=2 color=black face="Courier New"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt'>On Thursday 12 June 2008 03:23:46 Mark Adams wrote:<o:p></o:p></span></font></pre><pre><font
size=2 color=black face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></pre>
<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite><pre wrap=""><font
size=2 color=black face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>I appreciate the responses thus far but I am looking to find out what type<o:p></o:p></span></font></pre><pre><font
size=2 color=black face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>of security I should implement for the future. Being new to linux, not to<o:p></o:p></span></font></pre><pre><font
size=2 color=black face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>mention asterisk I didn't realize that someone could brute force into the<o:p></o:p></span></font></pre><pre><font
size=2 color=black face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>box and upload crap. With that in mind it seems that I would want to get a<o:p></o:p></span></font></pre><pre><font
size=2 color=black face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>hardware firewall such as a hotbrick or a sonicwall firewall.<o:p></o:p></span></font></pre><pre><font
size=2 color=black face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></pre></blockquote>
<pre wrap=""><font size=2 color=black face="Courier New"><span
style='font-size:10.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></pre><pre><font
size=2 color=black face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>One of the most frequent security issues comes not in the form of a software<o:p></o:p></span></font></pre><pre><font
size=2 color=black face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>flaw, but simply in people choosing easy-to-guess passwords on the root<o:p></o:p></span></font></pre><pre><font
size=2 color=black face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>account. There are two suggestions I have to reduce the risk of this<o:p></o:p></span></font></pre><pre><font
size=2 color=black face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>brute force. First, choose a username that is uncommon. In your case, do not<o:p></o:p></span></font></pre><pre><font
size=2 color=black face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>use 'root', 'admin', or even 'mark'. 'madams' might be a good choice. Once<o:p></o:p></span></font></pre><pre><font
size=2 color=black face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>you figure out that username, configure sshd with the AllowUsers directive to<o:p></o:p></span></font></pre><pre><font
size=2 color=black face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>ONLY allow logins from that user. If you need root access, install sudo. If<o:p></o:p></span></font></pre><pre><font
size=2 color=black face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>an attacker cannot figure out what your username is, then it doesn't matter<o:p></o:p></span></font></pre><pre><font
size=2 color=black face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>even if they guess your password, because they aren't getting in.<o:p></o:p></span></font></pre><pre><font
size=2 color=black face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></pre><pre><font
size=2 color=black face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>And of course, the second part is choosing a secure password, one that<o:p></o:p></span></font></pre><pre><font
size=2 color=black face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>contains mixed case, numbers, letters, and symbols. Don't be afraid to write<o:p></o:p></span></font></pre><pre><font
size=2 color=black face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>down that secure password, as long as you keep it on your person (wallet is a<o:p></o:p></span></font></pre><pre><font
size=2 color=black face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>good choice). 99% of the attackers who might otherwise compromise your<o:p></o:p></span></font></pre><pre><font
size=2 color=black face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>machine will never come within 1000 miles of you. However, your wallet<o:p></o:p></span></font></pre><pre><font
size=2 color=black face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>contains things that are far more valuable than your password (your identity<o:p></o:p></span></font></pre><pre><font
size=2 color=black face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>documents, for example), so it is hoped that you will be able to keep that<o:p></o:p></span></font></pre><pre><font
size=2 color=black face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>password away from people who would otherwise do you harm.<o:p></o:p></span></font></pre><pre><font
size=2 color=black face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></pre><pre><font
size=2 color=black face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></pre>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><font size=3 color=black
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Most recent hacks that I
have first or second hand knowledge of came from ssh issues. Most
inexperienced admins will expose ssh without using the 'allowgroups' option in
their sshd_config and will get hacked by someone logging in via ssh using a
system account with no password.<br>
<br>
The second thing to do with ssh is to move it to another port to keep the
script kiddies from pounding on it. If there is a weak or missing
password, they will find it.<br>
<br>
An encrypted USB thumbdrive is also a good storage device for passwords.
I use TrueCrypt and have the executable availble unencrypted on the thumbdrive
so I could plug it into almost any machine and get to the encrypted data.<br>
<br>
Lyle Giese<br>
LCR Computer Services, Inc.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
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