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<td id="header-avatar-image-container" valign="top" style="padding: 0px; border-collapse: collapse; vertical-align: top; width: 32px; padding-right: 9px"><a href="https://wiki.asterisk.org/wiki/display/~mmichelson?src=email" style="color: #3b73af; text-decoration: none"><img id="header-avatar-image" class="image_fix" src="cid:avatar_99ed0aa29d6f204db4785296f8170422" height="32" width="32" border="0" style="border-radius: 3px; vertical-align: top" /></a></td>
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<th class="diff-macro-title" style="background-color: transparent; text-align: left; font-weight: normal;padding: 5px;"><span class="icon macro-placeholder-icon" style="background-color: ;line-height: 20px;"><img src="https://wiki.asterisk.org/wiki/s/en_GB/5635/60fd2eb45debbf4ede2b669f4c9b96b4ce40a937.48/_/images/icons/macrobrowser/dropdown/warning.png" style="padding-right: 5px; vertical-align: text-bottom;" /> </span>Warning</th>
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<td class="diff-macro-body" style="background-color: #fff;border: 1px solid #dddddd;padding: 10px;; padding: 0px; border-collapse: collapse"> <p style="margin: 10px 0 0 0; margin-top: 0">This page is currently under construction. Please refrain from commenting until this warning is removed.</p> </td>
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</table> <h1 id="AsteriskPJSIPTroubleshootingGuide-Overview" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0; font-size: 24px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 30px; margin: 40px 0 0 0"> <span style="color: rgb(133,120,102);"><span class="diff-html-changed" id="changed-diff-0" style="background-color: #d6f0ff;">Overview</span></span> </h1> <p style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">Are you having problems getting your PJSIP setup working properly? If you are encountering a common problem then hopefully your answer can be found on this page.</p> <p style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">Before looking any further here, you should make sure that you have gathered enough information from Asterisk to know what your issue is. It is suggested that you perform the following actions at the Asterisk CLI:</p>
<ul style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">
<li> <code style="font-family: monospace">core set verbose 4</code> </li>
<li> <code style="font-family: monospace">core set debug 4</code> </li>
<li> <code style="font-family: monospace">pjsip set logger on</code> </li>
</ul> <p style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">With these options enabled, this will allow you to more easily see what is going on behind the scenes in your failing scenario. It also can help you to cross-reference entries on this page since several debug, warning, and error messages will be quoted here.</p> </td>
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<td style="background-color: #fafafa; padding: 0 0 0 5px; font-size: 12px; text-align: left;; padding: 0px; border-collapse: collapse">On this Page</td>
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<td class="diff-macro-body" style="background-color: #fff;border: 1px solid #dddddd;padding: 10px;; padding: 0px; border-collapse: collapse"> <p style="margin: 10px 0 0 0; margin-top: 0"></p>
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<th class="diff-macro-title" style="background-color: transparent; text-align: left; font-weight: normal;padding: 5px;"><span class="icon macro-placeholder-icon" style="background-color: ;line-height: 20px;"><img src="https://wiki.asterisk.org/wiki/s/en_GB/5635/60fd2eb45debbf4ede2b669f4c9b96b4ce40a937.48/_/images/icons/macrobrowser/dropdown/toc.png" style="padding-right: 5px; vertical-align: text-bottom;" /> </span>Table of Contents</th>
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<td style="background-color: #fafafa; padding: 0 0 0 5px; font-size: 12px; text-align: left;; padding: 0px; border-collapse: collapse">2</td>
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</table> <h1 id="AsteriskPJSIPTroubleshootingGuide-InboundCalls" class="diff-block-target diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0; font-size: 24px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 30px; margin: 40px 0 0 0"> <span class="diff-html-changed" id="changed-diff-1" style="background-color: #d6f0ff;">Inbound Calls</span> </h1> <h2 id="AsteriskPJSIPTroubleshootingGuide-UnrecognizedEndpoint" class="diff-block-target diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0; font-size: 20px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 30px; margin: 40px 0 0 0; margin-top: 10px"> <span class="diff-html-changed" id="changed-diff-2" style="background-color: #d6f0ff;">Unrecognized Endpoint</span> </h2> <p class="diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">All inbound SIP traffic to Asterisk must be matched to a configured endpoint. If Asterisk is unable to determine which endpoint the SIP request is coming from, then the incoming request will be rejected. If you are seeing messages like:</p> <p class="diff-context-placeholder" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">...</p> <p class="diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">How does Asterisk determine which endpoint a request is coming from? Asterisk uses something called "endpoint identifiers" to determine this. There are three endpoint identifiers bundled with Asterisk: user, ip, and anonymous.</p> <h3 id="AsteriskPJSIPTroubleshootingGuide-IdentifybyUser" class="diff-block-target" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25px; margin: 30px 0 0 0"> <span class="diff-html-changed" id="changed-diff-3" style="background-color: #d6f0ff;">Identify by User</span> </h3> <p class="diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">The user endpoint identifier is provided by the <code style="font-family: monospace">res_pjsip_endpoint_identifier_user.so</code> module. If nothing has been explicitly configured with regards to endpoint identification, this endpoint identifier is the one being used. The way it works is to use the user portion of the From header from the incoming SIP request to determine which endpoint the request comes from. Here is an example INVITE:</p> <p class="diff-context-placeholder" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">...</p>
<ul class="diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">
<li>From the CLI, issue the "pjsip show endpoints" command. If the endpoint in question does not show up, then there likely was a problem attempting to load the endpoint on startup.</li>
<li> <p style="margin: 10px 0 0 0; margin-top: 0">Go through the logs from Asterisk startup. You may find that there was an error reported that got lost in the rest of the startup messages. For instance, be on the lookout for messages like:</p>
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<th class="diff-macro-title" style="background-color: transparent; text-align: left; font-weight: normal;padding: 5px;"><span class="icon macro-placeholder-icon" style="background-color: ;line-height: 20px;"><img src="https://wiki.asterisk.org/wiki/s/en_GB/5635/60fd2eb45debbf4ede2b669f4c9b96b4ce40a937.48/_/images/icons/macrobrowser/dropdown/noformat.png" style="padding-right: 5px; vertical-align: text-bottom;" /> </span>No Format</th>
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<td class="diff-macro-body" style="background-color: #fff;border: 1px solid #dddddd;padding: 10px;; padding: 0px; border-collapse: collapse"> <pre style="margin: 10px 0 0 0; margin-top: 0">[2014-10-13 16:25:01.674] ERROR[27771]: config_options.c:710 aco_process_var: Could not find option suitable for category 'eggowaffles' named 'setvar' at line 390 of
[2014-10-13 16:25:01.674] ERROR[27771]: res_sorcery_config.c:275 sorcery_config_internal_load: Could not create an object of type 'endpoint' with id 'eggowaffles' from configuration file 'pjsip.conf'</pre> </td>
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</table> <p style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">In this case, I set an endpoint option called "setvar" instead of the appropriate "set_var". The result was that the endpoint was not loaded.</p> </li>
<li>If you do not see such error messages in the logs, but you do not see the endpoint listed in "pjsip show endpoints", it may be that you forgot to put <code style="font-family: monospace">type = endpoint</code> in your endpoint section. In this case, the entire section would be ignored since Asterisk did not know that this was an endpoint section.</li>
</ul> <h3 id="AsteriskPJSIPTroubleshootingGuide-IdentifybyIPaddress" class="diff-block-target" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25px; margin: 30px 0 0 0"> <span class="diff-html-changed" id="changed-diff-4" style="background-color: #d6f0ff;">Identify by IP address</span> </h3> <p class="diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">Asterisk can also recognize endpoints based on the source IP address of the SIP request. This requires setting up a <code style="font-family: monospace">type = identify</code> section in your configuration to match IP addresses or networks to a specific endpoint. Here are some troubleshooting steps:</p> <p class="diff-context-placeholder" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">...</p>
<ul class="diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">
<li>Ensure that your identify section has <code style="font-family: monospace">type = identify</code> in it. Without this, Asterisk will completely ignore the configuration section.</li>
<li>Ensure that your identify section has an <code style="font-family: monospace">endpoint =</code> option set in it and that the endpoint is spelled correctly.</li>
<li>Double-check your <code style="font-family: monospace">match</code> lines for common errors:
<ul style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">
<li>You cannot use FQDNs or hostnames. You must use IP addresses.</li>
<li>Ensure that you do not have an invalid netmask (e.g. 10.9.3.4/255.255.255.300, 127.0.0.1/33).</li>
<li>Ensure that you have not mixed up /0 and /32 when using CIDR notation.</li>
</ul> </li>
<li> <p style="margin: 10px 0 0 0; margin-top: 0">If you are using a configuration method other than a config file, ensure that <code style="font-family: monospace">sorcery.conf</code> is configured correctly. Since identify sections are not provided by the base <code style="font-family: monospace">res_pjsip.so</code> module, you must ensure that the configuration resides in the <code style="font-family: monospace">res_pjsip_endpoint_identifier_ip</code> section of <code style="font-family: monospace">sorcery.conf</code>. For example, if you are using dynamic realtime, you might have the following configuration:</p>
<table class="diff-macro" style="background-color: #f0f0f0;border: 1px solid #dddddd;margin: 10px 1px;padding: 0 2px 2px;width: 100%;; border-collapse: collapse; mso-table-lspace: 0pt; mso-table-rspace: 0pt; color: #333">
<thead>
<tr>
<th class="diff-macro-title" style="background-color: transparent; text-align: left; font-weight: normal;padding: 5px;"><span class="icon macro-placeholder-icon" style="background-color: ;line-height: 20px;"><img src="https://wiki.asterisk.org/wiki/s/en_GB/5635/60fd2eb45debbf4ede2b669f4c9b96b4ce40a937.48/_/images/icons/macrobrowser/dropdown/panel.png" style="padding-right: 5px; vertical-align: text-bottom;" /> </span>Panel</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td class="diff-macro-properties" style="background-color: #fafafa; padding: 0 0 0 5px; font-size: 12px; text-align: left;padding: 0; border: 1px solid #dddddd;; padding: 0px; border-collapse: collapse">
<table style="border-collapse: collapse; mso-table-lspace: 0pt; mso-table-rspace: 0pt; color: #333">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="background-color: #fafafa; padding: 0 0 0 5px; font-size: 12px; text-align: left;; padding: 0px; border-collapse: collapse">title</td>
<td style="background-color: #fafafa; padding: 0 0 0 5px; font-size: 12px; text-align: left;; padding: 0px; border-collapse: collapse">sorcery.conf</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table> </td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td class="diff-macro-body" style="background-color: #fff;border: 1px solid #dddddd;padding: 10px;; padding: 0px; border-collapse: collapse">
<table class="diff-macro" style="background-color: #f0f0f0;border: 1px solid #dddddd;margin: 10px 1px;padding: 0 2px 2px;width: 100%;; border-collapse: collapse; mso-table-lspace: 0pt; mso-table-rspace: 0pt; color: #333">
<thead>
<tr>
<th class="diff-macro-title" style="background-color: transparent; text-align: left; font-weight: normal;padding: 5px;"><span class="icon macro-placeholder-icon" style="background-color: ;line-height: 20px;"><img src="https://wiki.asterisk.org/wiki/s/en_GB/5635/60fd2eb45debbf4ede2b669f4c9b96b4ce40a937.48/_/images/icons/macrobrowser/dropdown/noformat.png" style="padding-right: 5px; vertical-align: text-bottom;" /> </span>No Format</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td class="diff-macro-properties" style="background-color: #fafafa; padding: 0 0 0 5px; font-size: 12px; text-align: left;padding: 0; border: 1px solid #dddddd;; padding: 0px; border-collapse: collapse">
<table style="border-collapse: collapse; mso-table-lspace: 0pt; mso-table-rspace: 0pt; color: #333">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="background-color: #fafafa; padding: 0 0 0 5px; font-size: 12px; text-align: left;; padding: 0px; border-collapse: collapse">nopanel</td>
<td style="background-color: #fafafa; padding: 0 0 0 5px; font-size: 12px; text-align: left;; padding: 0px; border-collapse: collapse">true</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table> </td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td class="diff-macro-body" style="background-color: #fff;border: 1px solid #dddddd;padding: 10px;; padding: 0px; border-collapse: collapse"> <pre style="margin: 10px 0 0 0; margin-top: 0">[res_pjsip_endpoint_identifier_ip]
identify = realtime,ps_endpoint_id_ips</pre> </td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table> </td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table> <p style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">And then you would need the corresponding config in <code style="font-family: monospace">extconfig.conf</code>:</p>
<table class="diff-macro" style="background-color: #f0f0f0;border: 1px solid #dddddd;margin: 10px 1px;padding: 0 2px 2px;width: 100%;; border-collapse: collapse; mso-table-lspace: 0pt; mso-table-rspace: 0pt; color: #333">
<thead>
<tr>
<th class="diff-macro-title" style="background-color: transparent; text-align: left; font-weight: normal;padding: 5px;"><span class="icon macro-placeholder-icon" style="background-color: ;line-height: 20px;"><img src="https://wiki.asterisk.org/wiki/s/en_GB/5635/60fd2eb45debbf4ede2b669f4c9b96b4ce40a937.48/_/images/icons/macrobrowser/dropdown/panel.png" style="padding-right: 5px; vertical-align: text-bottom;" /> </span>Panel</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td class="diff-macro-properties" style="background-color: #fafafa; padding: 0 0 0 5px; font-size: 12px; text-align: left;padding: 0; border: 1px solid #dddddd;; padding: 0px; border-collapse: collapse">
<table style="border-collapse: collapse; mso-table-lspace: 0pt; mso-table-rspace: 0pt; color: #333">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="background-color: #fafafa; padding: 0 0 0 5px; font-size: 12px; text-align: left;; padding: 0px; border-collapse: collapse">title</td>
<td style="background-color: #fafafa; padding: 0 0 0 5px; font-size: 12px; text-align: left;; padding: 0px; border-collapse: collapse">extconfig.conf</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table> </td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td class="diff-macro-body" style="background-color: #fff;border: 1px solid #dddddd;padding: 10px;; padding: 0px; border-collapse: collapse">
<table class="diff-macro" style="background-color: #f0f0f0;border: 1px solid #dddddd;margin: 10px 1px;padding: 0 2px 2px;width: 100%;; border-collapse: collapse; mso-table-lspace: 0pt; mso-table-rspace: 0pt; color: #333">
<thead>
<tr>
<th class="diff-macro-title" style="background-color: transparent; text-align: left; font-weight: normal;padding: 5px;"><span class="icon macro-placeholder-icon" style="background-color: ;line-height: 20px;"><img src="https://wiki.asterisk.org/wiki/s/en_GB/5635/60fd2eb45debbf4ede2b669f4c9b96b4ce40a937.48/_/images/icons/macrobrowser/dropdown/noformat.png" style="padding-right: 5px; vertical-align: text-bottom;" /> </span>No Format</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td class="diff-macro-properties" style="background-color: #fafafa; padding: 0 0 0 5px; font-size: 12px; text-align: left;padding: 0; border: 1px solid #dddddd;; padding: 0px; border-collapse: collapse">
<table style="border-collapse: collapse; mso-table-lspace: 0pt; mso-table-rspace: 0pt; color: #333">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="background-color: #fafafa; padding: 0 0 0 5px; font-size: 12px; text-align: left;; padding: 0px; border-collapse: collapse">nopanel</td>
<td style="background-color: #fafafa; padding: 0 0 0 5px; font-size: 12px; text-align: left;; padding: 0px; border-collapse: collapse">true</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table> </td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td class="diff-macro-body" style="background-color: #fff;border: 1px solid #dddddd;padding: 10px;; padding: 0px; border-collapse: collapse"> <pre style="margin: 10px 0 0 0; margin-top: 0">[settings]
ps_endpoint_id_ips => odbc </pre> </td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table> </td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table> </li>
</ul> <h3 id="AsteriskPJSIPTroubleshootingGuide-AnonymousIdentification" class="diff-block-target" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25px; margin: 30px 0 0 0"> <span class="diff-html-changed" id="changed-diff-5" style="background-color: #d6f0ff;">Anonymous Identification</span> </h3> <p class="diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">Anonymous endpoint identification allows for a specially-named endpoint called "anonymous" to be matched if other endpoint identifiers are not able to determine which endpoint a request originates from. The <code style="font-family: monospace">res_pjsip_endpoint_identifier_anonymous.so</code> module is responsible for matching the incoming request to the anonymous endpoint. If SIP traffic that you expect to be matched to the anonymous endpoint is being rejected, try the following troubleshooting steps:</p>
<ul class="diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">
<li> <p style="margin: 10px 0 0 0; margin-top: 0">Ensure that <code style="font-family: monospace">res_pjsip_endpoint_identifier_anonymous.so</code> is loaded and running. From the Asterisk CLI, run <code style="font-family: monospace">module show like res_pjsip_endpoint_identifier_anonymous.so</code>. The output should look like the following:</p>
<table class="diff-macro" style="background-color: #f0f0f0;border: 1px solid #dddddd;margin: 10px 1px;padding: 0 2px 2px;width: 100%;; border-collapse: collapse; mso-table-lspace: 0pt; mso-table-rspace: 0pt; color: #333">
<thead>
<tr>
<th class="diff-macro-title" style="background-color: transparent; text-align: left; font-weight: normal;padding: 5px;"><span class="icon macro-placeholder-icon" style="background-color: ;line-height: 20px;"><img src="https://wiki.asterisk.org/wiki/s/en_GB/5635/60fd2eb45debbf4ede2b669f4c9b96b4ce40a937.48/_/images/icons/macrobrowser/dropdown/noformat.png" style="padding-right: 5px; vertical-align: text-bottom;" /> </span>No Format</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td class="diff-macro-body" style="background-color: #fff;border: 1px solid #dddddd;padding: 10px;; padding: 0px; border-collapse: collapse"> <pre style="margin: 10px 0 0 0; margin-top: 0">Module Description Use Count Status Support Level
res_pjsip_endpoint_identifier_anonymous.so PJSIP Anonymous endpoint identifier 0 Running core</pre> </td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table> </li>
<li>Ensure that the "anonymous" endpoint has been properly loaded. See the troubleshooting steps in the Identify by User section for more details about how to determine if an endpoint has been loaded.</li>
</ul> <h2 id="AsteriskPJSIPTroubleshootingGuide-Authenticationisfailing" class="diff-block-target" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0; font-size: 20px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 30px; margin: 40px 0 0 0"> <span class="diff-html-changed" id="changed-diff-6" style="background-color: #d6f0ff;">Authentication is failing</span> </h2> <p class="diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">The first thing you should check if you believe that authentication is failing is to ensure that this is the actual problem. Consider the following SIP call from endpoint 200 to Asterisk:</p> <p class="diff-context-placeholder" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">...</p>
<ul class="diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">
<li>Ensure that username and password in the <code style="font-family: monospace">type = auth</code> section are spelled correctly and that they are <strong>using the correct case</strong>. If you have "Alice" as the username on your phone and "alice" as the username in Asterisk, things will go poorly.</li>
<li>If you are using the <code style="font-family: monospace">md5_cred</code> option in an auth section, ensure the following:
<ul style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">
<li>Ensure that you have set <code style="font-family: monospace">auth_type = md5</code>.</li>
<li>Ensure that the calculated MD5 sum is composed of <em>username:realm:password</em> </li>
<li>Ensure that the calculated MD5 sum did not contain any extraneous whitespace, such as a newline character at the end.</li>
<li>Ensure there were no copy-paste errors. An MD5 sum is exactly 32 hexadecimal characters. If the option in your config file contains fewer or greater than 32 characters, or if any of the characters are not hexadecimal characters, then the MD5 sum is invalid.</li>
</ul> </li>
<li>Ensure that you have specified a <code style="font-family: monospace">username</code>. Asterisk does not imply a username based on the name of the auth section.</li>
<li>Ensure that the configured <code style="font-family: monospace">realm</code> is acceptable. In most cases, simple SIP devices like phones will authenticate to whatever realm is presented to them, so you do not need to configure one explicitly. However, if a specific realm is required, be sure it is configured. Be sure that if you are using the <code style="font-family: monospace">md5_cred</code> option that this realm name is used in the calculation of the MD5 sum.</li>
<li>Ensure that the endpoint that is communicating with Asterisk uses the "Digest" method of authentication and the "md5" algorithm. If they use something else, then Asterisk will not understand and reject the authentication attempt.</li>
</ul> <h2 id="AsteriskPJSIPTroubleshootingGuide-AuthenticationNotAttempted" class="diff-block-target" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0; font-size: 20px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 30px; margin: 40px 0 0 0"> <span class="diff-html-changed" id="changed-diff-7" style="background-color: #d6f0ff;">Authentication Not Attempted</span> </h2> <p class="diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">The opposite problem of authentication failures is that incoming calls are not being challenged for authentication where it would be expected. Asterisk chooses to challenge for authentication if the endpoint from which the request arrives has a configured <code style="font-family: monospace">auth</code> option on it. From the CLI, run the <code style="font-family: monospace">pjsip show endpoint <endpoint name></code> command. Below the initial headers should be something like the following:</p> <p class="diff-context-placeholder" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">...</p>
<ul class="diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">
<li>Ensure that there is an <code style="font-family: monospace">auth =</code> line in your endpoint's configuration.</li>
<li>Ensure that the auth that your endpoint is pointing to actually exists. Spelling is important.</li>
<li>Ensure that the auth that your endpoint is pointing to has <code style="font-family: monospace">type = auth</code> specified in it.</li>
</ul> <h2 id="AsteriskPJSIPTroubleshootingGuide-Asteriskcannotfindthespecifiedextension" class="diff-block-target" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0; font-size: 20px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 30px; margin: 40px 0 0 0"> <span class="diff-html-changed" id="changed-diff-8" style="background-color: #d6f0ff;">Asterisk cannot find the specified extension</span> </h2> <p class="diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">If you are seeing a message like the following on your CLI when you place an incoming call:</p> <p class="diff-context-placeholder" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">...</p>
<ul class="diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">
<li>Be sure that the endpoint has the expected context configured. Be sure to check spelling.</li>
<li>Be sure that the extension being dialled exists in the dialplan. From the Asterisk CLI, run <code style="font-family: monospace">dialplan show <context name></code> to see the extensions for a particular context. If the extension you are dialing is not listed, then Asterisk does not know about the extension.<br />
<ul style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">
<li>Ensure that if you have modified <code style="font-family: monospace">extensions.conf</code> recently that you have saved your changes and issued a <code style="font-family: monospace">dialplan reload</code> from the Asterisk CLI.</li>
<li>Ensure that the extension being dialled has a 1 priority.</li>
<li>Ensure the the extension being dialled is in the expected dialplan context.</li>
</ul> </li>
</ul> <h2 id="AsteriskPJSIPTroubleshootingGuide-ARGH!NAT!" class="diff-block-target" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0; font-size: 20px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 30px; margin: 40px 0 0 0"> <span class="diff-html-changed" id="changed-diff-9" style="background-color: #d6f0ff;">ARGH! NAT!</span> </h2> <p class="diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">NAT is objectively terrible. Before having a look at this section, have a look at <a class="confluence-link unresolved" href="#" style="color: #3b73af; text-decoration: none">this page</a> to be sure that you understand the options available to help combat the problems NAT can cause.</p> <p class="diff-context-placeholder" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">...</p>
<ul class="diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">
<li>Asterisk routes responses to incoming SIP requests to the wrong location.</li>
<li>Asterisk gives the far end an unroutable private address to send SIP traffic to during the call.</li>
</ul> <h3 id="AsteriskPJSIPTroubleshootingGuide-Asterisksendstraffictounroutableaddress" class="diff-block-target" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25px; margin: 30px 0 0 0"> <span class="diff-html-changed" id="changed-diff-10" style="background-color: #d6f0ff;">Asterisk sends traffic to unroutable address</span> </h3> <p class="diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">The endpoint option that controls how Asterisk routes responses is <code style="font-family: monospace">force_rport</code>. By default, this option is enabled and causes Asterisk to send responses to the address and port from which the request was received. This default behavior works well when Asterisk is on a different side of a NAT from the device that is calling in. Since Asterisk presumably cannot route responses to the device itself, Asterisk instead routes the response back to where it received the request from.</p> <h3 id="AsteriskPJSIPTroubleshootingGuide-Asteriskgivesunroutableaddresstodevice" class="diff-block-target" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25px; margin: 30px 0 0 0"> <span class="diff-html-changed" id="changed-diff-11" style="background-color: #d6f0ff;">Asterisk gives unroutable address to device</span> </h3> <p class="diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">By default, Asterisk will place its own IP address into Contact headers when responding to SIP requests. This can be a problem if the Asterisk server is not routable from the remote device. The <code style="font-family: monospace">local_net</code>, <code style="font-family: monospace">external_signaling_address</code>, and <code style="font-family: monospace">external_signaling_port</code> transport options can assist in preventing this. By setting these options, Asterisk can detect an address as being a "local" address and replace them with "external" addresses instead.</p> <h1 id="AsteriskPJSIPTroubleshootingGuide-OutboundCalls" class="diff-block-target diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0; font-size: 24px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 30px; margin: 40px 0 0 0"> <span class="diff-html-changed" id="changed-diff-12" style="background-color: #d6f0ff;">Outbound Calls</span> </h1> <h2 id="AsteriskPJSIPTroubleshootingGuide-Asterisksaysmyendpointdoesnotexist" class="diff-block-target diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0; font-size: 20px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 30px; margin: 40px 0 0 0; margin-top: 10px"> <span class="diff-html-changed" id="changed-diff-13" style="background-color: #d6f0ff;">Asterisk says my endpoint does not exist</span> </h2> <p class="diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">If you see a message like the following:</p> <p class="diff-context-placeholder" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">...</p> <p class="diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">then it means that your dialplan is referencing "SIP/hammerhead" instead of "PJSIP/hammerhead". Change your dialplan to refer to the correct channel driver, and don't forget to <code style="font-family: monospace">dialplan reload</code> when you are finished.</p> <h2 id="AsteriskPJSIPTroubleshootingGuide-Asteriskcannotroutemycall" class="diff-block-target" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0; font-size: 20px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 30px; margin: 40px 0 0 0"> <span class="diff-html-changed" id="changed-diff-14" style="background-color: #d6f0ff;">Asterisk cannot route my call</span> </h2> <p class="diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">If Asterisk is finding your endpoint successfully, it may be that Asterisk has no address information when trying to dial the endpoint. You may see a message like the following:</p> <p class="diff-context-placeholder" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">...</p>
<ul class="diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">
<li>If the device is expected to register, then it may be that the device is either not properly configured or that there was a registration failure. See the section about registrations (NOTE: COME BACK AND PROVIDE PROPER NAME/LINK) for details on how to resolve that problem.</li>
<li>If the device is not intended to register, then the AoR needs to have a <code style="font-family: monospace">contact</code> option set on it. See the previous bulleted list for possible <code style="font-family: monospace">contact</code>-related pitfalls.</li>
</ul> <h2 id="AsteriskPJSIPTroubleshootingGuide-ARGH!NAT!(Part2)" class="diff-block-target" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0; font-size: 20px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 30px; margin: 40px 0 0 0"> <span class="diff-html-changed" id="changed-diff-15" style="background-color: #d6f0ff;">ARGH! NAT! (Part 2)</span> </h2> <p class="diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">NAT makes babies cry.</p> <p class="diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">For outbound calls, the main NAT issue you are likely to come across is Asterisk publishing an unroutable private address in its Contact header. If this is an issue you are facing, this can be corrected by setting the <code style="font-family: monospace">local_net</code>, <code style="font-family: monospace">external_signaling_address</code>, and <code style="font-family: monospace">external_signaling_port</code> options for the transport you are using when communicating with the endpoint. For more information on how this can be set up, please see <a class="confluence-link unresolved" href="#" style="color: #3b73af; text-decoration: none">this page</a>.</p> <h1 id="AsteriskPJSIPTroubleshootingGuide-BridgedCalls" class="diff-block-target diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0; font-size: 24px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 30px; margin: 40px 0 0 0"> <span class="diff-html-changed" id="changed-diff-16" style="background-color: #d6f0ff;">Bridged Calls</span> </h1> <h2 id="AsteriskPJSIPTroubleshootingGuide-Audioproblems" class="diff-block-target diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0; font-size: 20px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 30px; margin: 40px 0 0 0; margin-top: 10px"> <span class="diff-html-changed" id="changed-diff-17" style="background-color: #d6f0ff;">Audio problems</span> </h2> <h3 id="AsteriskPJSIPTroubleshootingGuide-UnexpectedCodecNegotiation" class="diff-block-target diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25px; margin: 30px 0 0 0; margin-top: 10px"> <span class="diff-html-changed" id="changed-diff-18" style="background-color: #d6f0ff;">Unexpected Codec Negotiation</span> </h3> <h3 id="AsteriskPJSIPTroubleshootingGuide-One-wayaudioornoaudio" class="diff-block-target diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25px; margin: 30px 0 0 0"> <span class="diff-html-changed" id="changed-diff-19" style="background-color: #d6f0ff;">One-way audio or no audio</span> </h3> <h2 id="AsteriskPJSIPTroubleshootingGuide-Directmediaisnotbeingused" class="diff-block-target diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0; font-size: 20px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 30px; margin: 40px 0 0 0"> <span class="diff-html-changed" id="changed-diff-20" style="background-color: #d6f0ff;">Direct media is not being used</span> </h2> <p class="diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">Direct media is a feature that allows for media to bypass Asterisk and flow directly between two endpoints. This can save resources on the Asterisk system and allow for more simultaneous calls. The following conditions are required for direct media. If any are not met, then direct media is not possible:</p> <p class="diff-context-placeholder" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">...</p> <p class="diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">Double-check that all requirements are met. Unfortunately, Asterisk does not provide much in the way of debug for determining why it has chosen <strong>not</strong> to use direct media.</p> <h1 id="AsteriskPJSIPTroubleshootingGuide-InboundRegistrations" class="diff-block-target" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0; font-size: 24px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 30px; margin: 40px 0 0 0"> <span class="diff-html-changed" id="changed-diff-21" style="background-color: #d6f0ff;">Inbound Registrations</span> </h1> <p class="diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">For inbound registrations, a lot of the same problems that can happen on inbound calls may occur. Asterisk goes through the same endpoint identification and authentication process as for incoming calls, so if your registrations are failing for those reasons, consult the troubleshooting guide for incoming calls to determine what the problem may be.</p> <p class="diff-context-placeholder" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">...</p>
<ul class="diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">
<li>If you intend for new registrations to replace old ones, then enable the <code style="font-family: monospace">remove_existing</code> option for the AoR.</li>
<li> <p style="margin: 10px 0 0 0; margin-top: 0">Ensure that if you are attempting to bind multiple contacts to an AoR that the <code style="font-family: monospace">max_contacts</code> for the AoR is large enough. If the <code style="font-family: monospace">max_contacts</code> value is not high enough, you will see the following CLI message:</p>
<table class="diff-macro" style="background-color: #f0f0f0;border: 1px solid #dddddd;margin: 10px 1px;padding: 0 2px 2px;width: 100%;; border-collapse: collapse; mso-table-lspace: 0pt; mso-table-rspace: 0pt; color: #333">
<thead>
<tr>
<th class="diff-macro-title" style="background-color: transparent; text-align: left; font-weight: normal;padding: 5px;"><span class="icon macro-placeholder-icon" style="background-color: ;line-height: 20px;"><img src="https://wiki.asterisk.org/wiki/s/en_GB/5635/60fd2eb45debbf4ede2b669f4c9b96b4ce40a937.48/_/images/icons/macrobrowser/dropdown/noformat.png" style="padding-right: 5px; vertical-align: text-bottom;" /> </span>No Format</th>
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<td class="diff-macro-body" style="background-color: #fff;border: 1px solid #dddddd;padding: 10px;; padding: 0px; border-collapse: collapse"> <pre style="margin: 10px 0 0 0; margin-top: 0">[2014-10-16 11:34:07.887] WARNING[2940]: res_pjsip_registrar.c:411 rx_task: Registration attempt from endpoint '200' to AOR '200' will exceed max contacts of 1</pre> </td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table> <p style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">Asterisk will respond to the registration attempt with a 403 Forbidden.</p> </li>
</ul> <h1 id="AsteriskPJSIPTroubleshootingGuide-OutboundRegistrations" class="diff-block-target" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0; font-size: 24px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 30px; margin: 40px 0 0 0"> <span class="diff-html-changed" id="changed-diff-22" style="background-color: #d6f0ff;">Outbound Registrations</span> </h1> <p class="diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">If you are having troubles with outbound registrations and unfamiliar with the mechanics involved, please see <a class="confluence-link unresolved" href="#" style="color: #3b73af; text-decoration: none">this page</a>. It will explain quite a few of the concepts that Asterisk uses and may give you some clues for solving your issue.</p> <p class="diff-context-placeholder" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">...</p>
<ul class="diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">
<li>If Asterisk is not sending an outbound REGISTER at all, then it is likely that there was an error when trying to load the outbound registration.
<ul style="margin: 10px 0 0 0; margin-top: 0">
<li>Ensure that the outbound registration has <code style="font-family: monospace">type = registration</code> in it.</li>
<li>Ensure that there are no configuration options that Asterisk does not recognize.</li>
</ul> </li>
<li> <p style="margin: 10px 0 0 0; margin-top: 0">Another reason Asterisk may not be sending an outbound REGISTER is that you do not have a valid SIP URI for your <code style="font-family: monospace">server_uri</code> or <code style="font-family: monospace">client_uri</code>. You may see a message like this on the CLI if this is the case:</p>
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<th class="diff-macro-title" style="background-color: transparent; text-align: left; font-weight: normal;padding: 5px;"><span class="icon macro-placeholder-icon" style="background-color: ;line-height: 20px;"><img src="https://wiki.asterisk.org/wiki/s/en_GB/5635/60fd2eb45debbf4ede2b669f4c9b96b4ce40a937.48/_/images/icons/macrobrowser/dropdown/noformat.png" style="padding-right: 5px; vertical-align: text-bottom;" /> </span>No Format</th>
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<td class="diff-macro-body" style="background-color: #fff;border: 1px solid #dddddd;padding: 10px;; padding: 0px; border-collapse: collapse"> <pre style="margin: 10px 0 0 0; margin-top: 0">[2014-10-16 12:05:16.064] ERROR[3187]: res_pjsip_outbound_registration.c:724 sip_outbound_registration_regc_alloc: Invalid server URI 'registrar@example.com' specified on outbound registration 'outreg'</pre> </td>
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</tbody>
</table> <p style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">In this case, I left off the initial "sip:" from the URI.</p> </li>
<li>If your outbound REGISTER receives no response, then you may have misconfigured the <code style="font-family: monospace">server_uri</code> to point somewhere the REGISTER is not meant to be sent.</li>
<li>If Asterisk has stopped sending REGISTER requests, then either the maximum number of retries has been attempted or the response that Asterisk received from the registrar was considered to be a permanent failure. If you want to get Asterisk to start sending REGISTER requests again after making configuration adjustments, you can do so by running the <code style="font-family: monospace">module reload res_pjsip_registrar.so</code> CLI command.</li>
</ul> <h1 id="AsteriskPJSIPTroubleshootingGuide-InboundSubscriptions" class="diff-block-target" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0; font-size: 24px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 30px; margin: 40px 0 0 0"> <span class="diff-html-changed" id="changed-diff-23" style="background-color: #d6f0ff;">Inbound Subscriptions</span> </h1> <p class="diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">The first thing to acknowledge with inbound subscriptions is that the handling of the inbound SUBSCRIBE messages starts the same as for inbound calls. This means that if you are having troubles where Asterisk does not recognize the endpoint sending the SUBSCRIBE or if authentication is failing, you should check the troubleshooting guide for incoming calls for details on how to solve these issues.</p> <p class="diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">It is also important to ensure that <code style="font-family: monospace">res_pjsip_pubsub.so</code> is loaded and running. This module is the core of all of Asterisk's handling of subscriptions, and if it is not loaded, then Asterisk will not be able to set up subscriptions properly.</p> <h2 id="AsteriskPJSIPTroubleshootingGuide-Presence/DialogInfo" class="diff-block-target" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0; font-size: 20px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 30px; margin: 40px 0 0 0"> <span class="diff-html-changed" id="changed-diff-24" style="background-color: #d6f0ff;">Presence/Dialog Info</span> </h2> <p class="diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">A tutorial about subscribing to presence and dialog-info can be found on <a class="confluence-link unresolved" href="#" style="color: #3b73af; text-decoration: none">this page</a>. Reading that page may point you towards how to resolve the issue you are facing.</p> <p class="diff-context-placeholder" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">...</p>
<ul class="diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">
<li>Ensure that the <code style="font-family: monospace">res_pjsip_exten_state.so</code> module is loaded.</li>
<li>Ensure that the Event header in inbound subscribe messages are one of "presence" or "dialog".</li>
<li>Ensure all necessary modules are loaded, depending on what values are in the Accept header of inbound SUBSCRIBE requests.<br />
<ul style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">
<li>Subscriptions that use Accept: application/pidf+xml will need to have <code style="font-family: monospace">res_pjsip_pidf_body_generator.so</code> loaded.</li>
<li>Subscriptions that use Accept: application/xpidf+xml will need to have <code style="font-family: monospace">res_pjsip_xpidf_body_generator.so</code> loaded.</li>
<li>Subscriptions that use Accept: application/dialog-info+xml will need to have <code style="font-family: monospace">res_pjsip_dialog_info_body_generator.so</code> loaded.</li>
</ul> </li>
<li> <p style="margin: 10px 0 0 0; margin-top: 0">When subscribing, you may see a message like the following on the CLI:</p>
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<th class="diff-macro-title" style="background-color: transparent; text-align: left; font-weight: normal;padding: 5px;"><span class="icon macro-placeholder-icon" style="background-color: ;line-height: 20px;"><img src="https://wiki.asterisk.org/wiki/s/en_GB/5635/60fd2eb45debbf4ede2b669f4c9b96b4ce40a937.48/_/images/icons/macrobrowser/dropdown/noformat.png" style="padding-right: 5px; vertical-align: text-bottom;" /> </span>No Format</th>
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<td class="diff-macro-body" style="background-color: #fff;border: 1px solid #dddddd;padding: 10px;; padding: 0px; border-collapse: collapse"> <pre style="margin: 10px 0 0 0; margin-top: 0">[2014-10-16 12:56:58.605] WARNING[3780]: res_pjsip_exten_state.c:337 new_subscribe: Extension blah does not exist or has no associated hint</pre> </td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table> <p style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">The warning message is self-explanatory. If you think you have placed extension "blah" in your <code style="font-family: monospace">extensions.conf</code> file and it contains a hint, then be sure that it exists in the same context as the <code style="font-family: monospace">context</code> option on the endpoint that is attempting to subscribe. Also be sure that if you have recently changed your <code style="font-family: monospace">extensions.conf</code> file that you have saved the changes and run the <code style="font-family: monospace">dialplan reload</code> CLI command.</p> </li>
</ul> <h2 id="AsteriskPJSIPTroubleshootingGuide-MWI" class="diff-block-target" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0; font-size: 20px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 30px; margin: 40px 0 0 0"> <span class="diff-html-changed" id="changed-diff-25" style="background-color: #d6f0ff;">MWI</span> </h2> <p class="diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">If you are attempting to subscribe to the message-summary package, then here are some troubleshooting steps for determining what is going wrong.</p> <p class="diff-context-placeholder" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">...</p> </td>
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