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<td id="header-avatar-image-container" valign="top" style="padding: 0px; border-collapse: collapse; vertical-align: top; width: 32px; padding-right: 9px"><a href="https://wiki.asterisk.org/wiki/display/~rnewton?src=email" style="color: #3b73af; text-decoration: none"><img id="header-avatar-image" class="image_fix" src="cid:avatar_925838d3d8b1f71935f30b314c925d64" height="32" width="32" border="0" style="border-radius: 3px; vertical-align: top" /></a></td>
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<td class="notification-comment-pattern-container mobile-resize-text" style="padding: 0px; border-collapse: collapse; padding: 0px"><strong>Change comment:</strong> mostly complete draft</td>
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<td id="page-title-pattern-icon-image-container-cell" style="padding: 0px; border-collapse: collapse; width: 16px; padding: 9px 8px 0px 0px; mso-text-raise: 5px; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><a href="https://wiki.asterisk.org/wiki/display/AST/Channels?src=email" title="page icon" style="vertical-align: top;; color: #3b73af; text-decoration: none"><img style="vertical-align: top; display: block;" src="cid:page-icon" alt="page icon" title="page icon" height="16" width="16" border="0" /></a></td>
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<th class="diff-macro-title" style="background-color: transparent; text-align: left; font-weight: normal;padding: 5px;"><span class="icon macro-placeholder-icon" style="background-color: ;line-height: 20px;"><img src="https://wiki.asterisk.org/wiki/s/en_GB-1988229788/4732/f543bd9a3bbc12daed85f6f5e5cba84282599932.48/_/images/icons/macrobrowser/dropdown/warning.png" style="padding-right: 5px; vertical-align: text-bottom;" /> </span>Warning</th>
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<td class="diff-macro-body" style="background-color: #fff;border: 1px solid #dddddd;padding: 10px;; padding: 0px; border-collapse: collapse"> <p style="margin: 10px 0 0 0; margin-top: 0">Under Construction</p> </td>
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<th class="diff-macro-title" style="background-color: transparent; text-align: left; font-weight: normal;padding: 5px;"><span class="icon macro-placeholder-icon" style="background-color: ;line-height: 20px;"><img src="https://wiki.asterisk.org/wiki/s/en_GB-1988229788/4732/f543bd9a3bbc12daed85f6f5e5cba84282599932.48/_/images/icons/macrobrowser/dropdown/note.png" style="padding-right: 5px; vertical-align: text-bottom;" /> </span>Note</th>
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<td class="diff-macro-body" style="background-color: #fff;border: 1px solid #dddddd;padding: 10px;; padding: 0px; border-collapse: collapse"> <p style="margin: 10px 0 0 0; margin-top: 0"> <span class="diff-html-removed" id="removed-diff-0" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ffe7e7; text-decoration: line-through;">Needs sections talking about</span> </p> <p style="margin: 10px 0 0 0"> <span class="diff-html-added" id="added-diff-0" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">Topics</span> </p> <p style="margin: 10px 0 0 0"> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">* Asterisk Channels (What is a channel?)</span> <br /> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">** Common Asterisk Channels (SIP, DAHDI, Local?)</span> <br /> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">* Configuring Channels (explanation and link to channel drivers configuration section)</span> <br /> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">* Using, Controlling, Routing Channels (explanation of when a channel is created and interaction with dialplan)</span> <br /> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">** Calls create channels</span> <br /> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">** Driver config plus dialplan tells channels how to behave.</span> <br /> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">** APIs can affect and inspect channels (and other things)</span> <br /> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">** Channels talk to other channels - Bridges (links to Bridging concepts page)</span> </p> <p style="margin: 10px 0 0 0"> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">Other topics:</span> </p> <p style="margin: 10px 0 0 0"> <span class="diff-html-changed" id="changed-diff-0" style="background-color: #d6f0ff;">Inbound versus Outbound</span> <br /> <span class="diff-html-changed" id="changed-diff-2" style="background-color: #d6f0ff;">Children</span> </p> <li> <span class="diff-html-removed" id="removed-diff-1" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ffe7e7; text-decoration: line-through;">Masquerades and when they occur (Asterisk+12+Bridging+Project has some info)</span> </li> <li> <span class="diff-html-removed" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ffe7e7; text-decoration: line-through;">What is a Channel?</span> </li> <li> <span class="diff-html-removed" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ffe7e7; text-decoration: line-through;">How are channels used?</span> </li> <li> <span class="diff-html-removed" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ffe7e7; text-decoration: line-through;">Where do I configure channels?</span> </li> <li> <span class="diff-html-removed" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ffe7e7; text-decoration: line-through;">How do channels interact with bridges? (links to Bridging concepts page)</span> </li> <li> <span class="diff-html-removed" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ffe7e7; text-decoration: line-through;">What are ways you can control, route or affect a channel?</span> </li> <span class="diff-html-removed" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ffe7e7; text-decoration: line-through;">What are ways you can get information about a channel?</span></td>
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</table> <h1 id="Channels-AsteriskChannels" class="diff-block-target diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0; font-size: 24px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 30px; margin: 40px 0 0 0"> <span class="diff-html-added" id="added-diff-1" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">Asterisk Channels</span> </h1> <p class="diff-block-target diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0"> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">Almost nothing happens in Asterisk without a channel being involved. A channel is an entity inside Asterisk that acts as a channel of communication between Asterisk and a thing. That is, a phone, a device, another Asterisk system, or Asterisk itself (in the case of a local channel).</span> </p> <p class="diff-block-target diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0"> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">Our documentation and many Asterisk users speak in terms of "calls". A call can be one or more channels creating a path of communication or activity through the Asterisk system.</span> </p> <p class="diff-block-target diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0"> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">To give you an idea about the versatility of channels, here are a few facts about them:</span> </p>
<ul class="diff-block-target diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">
<li> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">Channel Drivers provide channels in Asterisk.</span> </li>
<li> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">Channels can interface with each other through bridges.</span> </li>
<li> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">Applications and functions can affect the state or attributes of a channel or its media stream.</span> </li>
<li> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">Channels are commonly passing audio between communication endpoints, but can pass other data.</span> </li>
<li> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">Channels execute instructions with dialplan, but can be controlled by other APIs (AGI,AMI,ARI) or interfaces (CLI).</span> </li>
<li> <span style="line-height: 1.4285715;"><span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">Channels are unique and can be tracked through logs.</span></span> </li>
</ul> <h2 id="Channels-CommonAsteriskChannels" class="diff-block-target diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0; font-size: 20px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 30px; margin: 40px 0 0 0"> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">Common Asterisk Channels</span> </h2> <p class="diff-block-target diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0"> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">One of the many benefits of Asterisk is the capability to interface with as many different technologies as you have channel drivers! However, most administrators will only make use of a few types at a time.</span> </p> <p class="diff-block-target diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0"> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">Here are a few commonly used channel types:</span> </p>
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<li> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">A SIP channel driver such as chan_sip or chan_pjsip.</span> </li>
<li> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">A Hardware interface driver such as chan_dahdi.</span> </li>
<li> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">Virtual channels such as chan_local. (This was moved into the core in Asterisk 12)</span> </li>
</ul> <h1 id="Channels-ConfiguringChannels" class="diff-block-target diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0; font-size: 24px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 30px; margin: 40px 0 0 0"> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">Configuring Channels</span> </h1> <h2 id="Channels-TextFileConfiguration" class="diff-block-target diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0; font-size: 20px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 30px; margin: 40px 0 0 0; margin-top: 10px"> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">Text File Configuration</span> </h2> <p class="diff-block-target diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0"> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">Most channel drivers have an associated configuration file. Some channels may require the configuration of dependent resources for optimal operation. For example, SIP channels, configured in sip.conf or pjsip.conf use RTP resources which can be configured in rtp.conf.</span> </p> <p class="diff-block-target diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0"> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">The Channel Drivers configuration section contains information on configuring documented channel drivers. In other cases the configuration file itself contains configuration documentation.</span> </p> <h2 id="Channels-DatabaseConfiguration" class="diff-block-target diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0; font-size: 20px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 30px; margin: 40px 0 0 0"> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">Database Configuration</span> </h2> <p class="diff-block-target diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0"> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">Flat text configuration isn't the only option. A few channel drivers provide support for the ARA (Asterisk Realtime Architecture) and can therefore pull configuration from a local or remote database. Use of the ARA requires configuration of additional resources and dependencies outside the channel drivers themselves.</span> </p> <h1 id="Channels-Using,ControllingandRoutingChannels" class="diff-block-target diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0; font-size: 24px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 30px; margin: 40px 0 0 0"> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">Using, Controlling and Routing Channels</span> </h1> <p class="diff-block-target diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0"> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">Once you have a channel driver configured, how does it get used? When do channels get created?</span> </p> <p class="diff-block-target diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0"> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">Here are a few scenarios where a channel could get created:</span> </p>
<ul class="diff-block-target diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">
<li> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">A device configured in the channel driver communicates to Asterisk (e.g. over a network) that it wants to make a call.</span> </li>
<li> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">A user executes a command (such as Originate) to create a new channel.</span> </li>
<li> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">An existing channel executes dialplan that calls an application (such as Dial) to create a new channel.</span> </li>
<li> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">Asterisk receives API calls that create a new channel or channels.</span> </li>
</ul> <p class="diff-block-target diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0"> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">Once a channel is established, the events that occur are technology-dependent. That is, whether audio, video or other data communication begins over the channel will depend on signaling that occurs over SIP, ISDN, H.323 or other protocols implemented via the channel driver.</span> </p> <p class="diff-block-target diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0"> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">When Asterisk has established a channel, Asterisk will use a combination of channel driver configuration and dialplan instruction to determine how the channel behaves. On top of that Asterisk can communicate with external programs synchronously or asynchronously to receive API calls for channel inspection, direction or manipulation.</span> </p> <p class="diff-block-target diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0"> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">Once channels are established and communicating between devices and Asterisk; where that data flows to depends on the channel type itself, its overall configuration, device specific configuration, signaling sent by the originating mechanism (a device, a command, an API call) and associated bridges. One or more channels could be talking to one or more channels over various bridges. What specifically Asterisk talks to on each channel is limited only by the technology implemented by the channel driver.</span> </p> </td>
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<td class="actions-pattern-action-icon-container" style="padding: 0px; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-text-raise: 0px; vertical-align: middle"><a href="https://wiki.asterisk.org/wiki/display/AST/Channels?src=email" title="View page" style="color: #3b73af; text-decoration: none"><img class="actions-pattern-action-icon-image" src="cid:confluence.mail.templates.view.page" alt="View page-icon" title="View page-icon" height="16" width="16" border="0" style="vertical-align: middle" /></a></td>
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<td class="actions-pattern-action-icon-container" style="padding: 0px; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-text-raise: 0px; vertical-align: middle"><a href="https://wiki.asterisk.org/wiki/display/AST/Channels?showComments=true&showCommentArea=true#addcomment" title="Add comment" style="color: #3b73af; text-decoration: none"><img class="actions-pattern-action-icon-image" src="cid:confluence.mail.templates.add.comment" alt="Add comment-icon" title="Add comment-icon" height="16" width="16" border="0" style="vertical-align: middle" /></a></td>
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<td class="actions-pattern-action-icon-container" style="padding: 0px; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-text-raise: 0px; vertical-align: middle"><a href="https://wiki.asterisk.org/wiki/plugins/likes/like.action?contentId=28314836&src=email" title="Like" style="color: #3b73af; text-decoration: none"><img class="actions-pattern-action-icon-image" src="cid:likes.like" alt="Like-icon" title="Like-icon" height="16" width="16" border="0" style="vertical-align: middle" /></a></td>
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