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<td id="header-avatar-image-container" valign="top" style="padding: 0px; border-collapse: collapse; vertical-align: top; width: 32px; padding-right: 9px"><a href="https://wiki.asterisk.org/wiki/display/~rnewton?src=email" style="color: #3b73af; text-decoration: none"><img id="header-avatar-image" class="image_fix" src="cid:avatar_925838d3d8b1f71935f30b314c925d64" height="32" width="32" border="0" style="border-radius: 3px; vertical-align: top" /></a></td>
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<td class="notification-comment-pattern-container mobile-resize-text" style="padding: 0px; border-collapse: collapse; padding: 0px"><strong>Change comment:</strong> More detail about what is going on in the configuration examples for both chan_sip and chan_pjsip. I'll probably need to review this again later.</td>
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<td id="page-title-pattern-icon-image-container-cell" style="padding: 0px; border-collapse: collapse; width: 16px; padding: 9px 8px 0px 0px; mso-text-raise: 5px; mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><a href="https://wiki.asterisk.org/wiki/display/AST/Creating+SIP+Accounts?src=email" title="page icon" style="vertical-align: top;; color: #3b73af; text-decoration: none"><img style="vertical-align: top; display: block;" src="cid:page-icon" alt="page icon" title="page icon" height="16" width="16" border="0" /></a></td>
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<th class="diff-macro-title" style="background-color: transparent; text-align: left; font-weight: normal;padding: 5px;"><span class="diff-html-added" id="added-diff-0" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;"><span class="icon macro-placeholder-icon" style="background-color: ;line-height: 20px;"><img src="https://wiki.asterisk.org/wiki/s/en_GB-1988229788/4732/f543bd9a3bbc12daed85f6f5e5cba84282599932.48/_/images/icons/macrobrowser/dropdown/section.png" style="padding-right: 5px; vertical-align: text-bottom;" /> </span>Section</span></th>
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<th class="diff-macro-title" style="background-color: transparent; text-align: left; font-weight: normal;padding: 5px;"><span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;"><span class="icon macro-placeholder-icon" style="background-color: ;line-height: 20px;"><img src="https://wiki.asterisk.org/wiki/s/en_GB-1988229788/4732/f543bd9a3bbc12daed85f6f5e5cba84282599932.48/_/images/icons/macrobrowser/dropdown/column.png" style="padding-right: 5px; vertical-align: text-bottom;" /> </span>Column</span></th>
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<td class="diff-macro-body" style="background-color: #fff;border: 1px solid #dddddd;padding: 10px;; padding: 0px; border-collapse: collapse"> <p style="margin: 10px 0 0 0; margin-top: 0"> <span class="diff-html-changed" id="changed-diff-0" style="background-color: #d6f0ff;">In order for our phones to communicate with each other, we need to configure an account for each phone in the channel driver which corresponds to the protocol they'll be using. Since the phones are using the SIP protocol, we actually have two options for a SIP channel driver, the configuration file would be </span><strong><span class="diff-html-changed" style="background-color: #d6f0ff;">sip.conf</span></strong><span class="diff-html-changed" style="background-color: #d6f0ff;"> for chan_sip, or </span><strong><span class="diff-html-changed" style="background-color: #d6f0ff;">pjsip.conf</span></strong><span class="diff-html-changed" style="background-color: #d6f0ff;"> for chan_pjsip/res_pjsip (res_pjsip actually provides the configuration). You may already know that chan_pjsip is only available in Asterisk 12 or later. These files reside in the Asterisk configuration directory, which is typically </span><strong><span class="diff-html-changed" style="background-color: #d6f0ff;">/etc/asterisk</span></strong><span class="diff-html-changed" style="background-color: #d6f0ff;">. We'll include separate instructions for each channel driver below, so you have the option of using either.</span> </p>
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<th class="diff-macro-title" style="background-color: transparent; text-align: left; font-weight: normal;padding: 5px;"><span class="diff-html-changed" id="changed-diff-1" style="background-color: #d6f0ff;"><span class="icon macro-placeholder-icon" style="background-color: ;line-height: 20px;"><img src="https://wiki.asterisk.org/wiki/s/en_GB-1988229788/4732/f543bd9a3bbc12daed85f6f5e5cba84282599932.48/_/images/icons/macrobrowser/dropdown/warning.png" style="padding-right: 5px; vertical-align: text-bottom;" /> </span>Warning</span></th>
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<td class="diff-macro-body" style="background-color: #fff;border: 1px solid #dddddd;padding: 10px;; padding: 0px; border-collapse: collapse"> <p style="margin: 10px 0 0 0; margin-top: 0"> <span class="diff-html-changed" id="changed-diff-2" style="background-color: #d6f0ff;">You should only configure and use one SIP channel driver at a time or you'll run into confusing behavior.</span> </p> </td>
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</table> <h2 id="CreatingSIPAccounts-Useoftemplates" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0; font-size: 20px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 30px; margin: 40px 0 0 0"> <span class="diff-html-changed" style="background-color: #d6f0ff;">Use of templates</span> </h2> <p style="margin: 10px 0 0 0"> <span class="diff-html-changed" style="background-color: #d6f0ff;">In the below examples of channel driver configuration we will use templates. Using templates can make the configuration seem a bit more confusing at first, but in the long run it will simplify managing larger groups of extensions. Templates are used to define sections of options or settings that can then be inherited by a child section. </span><a class="confluence-link unresolved" href="#" style="color: #3b73af; text-decoration: none"><span class="diff-html-changed" style="background-color: #d6f0ff;">Read about templates here</span></a><span class="diff-html-changed" style="background-color: #d6f0ff;">. The short story is that parents are defined with a bang in parentheses after their section name, and children specify a parent in the parentheses after their section name.</span> </p> </td>
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</table> <p class="diff-context-placeholder" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">...</p>
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<td style="background-color: #fafafa; padding: 0 0 0 5px; font-size: 12px; text-align: left;; padding: 0px; border-collapse: collapse"><span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">On this page</span></td>
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<td class="diff-macro-body" style="background-color: #fff;border: 1px solid #dddddd;padding: 10px;; padding: 0px; border-collapse: collapse"> <p style="margin: 10px 0 0 0; margin-top: 0"> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;"> </span> </p>
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</table> <h2 id="CreatingSIPAccounts-Configuringchan_sip" class="diff-block-target diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0; font-size: 20px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 30px; margin: 40px 0 0 0"> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">Configuring </span><span class="diff-html-changed" id="changed-diff-3" style="background-color: #d6f0ff;">chan_sip</span> </h2> <p class="diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">Open <strong>sip.conf</strong> with your favorite text editor, and spend a minute or two looking at the sample file. (Don't let it overwhelm you — the sample <strong>sip.conf</strong> has a <strong>lot</strong> of data in it, and can be overwhelming at first glance.) Notice that there are a couple of sections at the top of the configuration, such as [general] and [authentication], which control the overall functionality of the channel driver. Below those sections, there are sections which correspond to SIP accounts on the system.</p> <p class="diff-context-placeholder" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">...</p>
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<th class="diff-macro-title" style="background-color: transparent; text-align: left; font-weight: normal;padding: 5px;"><span class="icon macro-placeholder-icon" style="background-color: ;line-height: 20px;"><img src="https://wiki.asterisk.org/wiki/s/en_GB-1988229788/4732/f543bd9a3bbc12daed85f6f5e5cba84282599932.48/_/images/icons/macrobrowser/dropdown/noformat.png" style="padding-right: 5px; vertical-align: text-bottom;" /> </span>No Format</th>
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<td class="diff-macro-body" style="background-color: #fff;border: 1px solid #dddddd;padding: 10px;; padding: 0px; border-collapse: collapse"> <pre style="margin: 10px 0 0 0; margin-top: 0">[general]
transport=udp
[friends_internal](!)
type=friend
host=dynamic
context=from-internal
<span class="diff-html-added" id="added-diff-2" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">disallow=all</span>
<span class="diff-html-added" id="added-diff-3" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">allow=ulaw
</span>[demo-alice](friends_internal)
secret=verysecretpassword ; put a strong, unique password here instead
[demo-bob](friends_internal)
secret=othersecretpassword ; put a strong, unique password here instead
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</table> <p class="diff-block-target diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">You can read what each of the options do in the sip.conf sample file. <span class="diff-html-removed" id="removed-diff-1" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ffe7e7; text-decoration: line-through;">It is useful to note that we set the host to dynamic, as we will be registering the phones to Asterisk, rather than defining their location statically.</span> </p> <p class="diff-context-placeholder" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">...</p> <p class="diff-block-target diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0"> <span class="diff-html-added" id="added-diff-4" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">However, let's take a look at why we are using each option here.</span> </p> <p class="diff-block-target diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0"> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">In the general section:</span> </p>
<ul class="diff-block-target diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">
<li> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">transport=udp: sets the general transport used by all chan_sip accounts defined in configuration if they don't have their own transport defined. We want to use UDP</span> </li>
</ul> <p class="diff-block-target diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0"> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">In the template for friends_internal:</span> </p>
<ul class="diff-block-target diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">
<li> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">type=friend: we are using the friend type to make things easy. See the sip.conf.sample for more explanation on the section types available in sip.conf</span> </li>
<li> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">host=dynamic: our phones will register to Asterisk. Otherwise we would define the IP address of the phone here.</span> </li>
<li> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">context=from-internal: When Asterisk receives a call from this phone, it'll look for the dialed extension number inside this context within dialplan (/etc/asterisk/extensions.conf typically)</span> </li>
<li> <p style="margin: 10px 0 0 0; margin-top: 0"> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">disallow=all; Don't allow any codecs to be used except what is set in 'allow'</span> </p> </li>
<li> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">allow=ulaw; Only allow the ulaw codec to be used.</span> </li>
</ul> <p class="diff-block-target diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0"> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">In the sections for demo-alice and demo-bob:</span> </p>
<ul class="diff-block-target diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">
<li> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">secret=verysecretpassword: This is the authentication password the phone needs to use when authenticating against Asterisk.</span> </li>
</ul> <p class="diff-block-target diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0"> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">Note that in chan_sip configuration, the authentication username for each SIP account is the section name itself. That is "demo-alice" is the name you'll have your phone authenticate against when registering. This will be covered more in the next wiki section on registering phones to Asterisk.</span> </p> <h2 id="CreatingSIPAccounts-Configuringchan_pjsip" class="diff-block-target diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0; font-size: 20px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 30px; margin: 40px 0 0 0"> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">Configuring </span><span class="diff-html-changed" id="changed-diff-4" style="background-color: #d6f0ff;">chan_pjsip</span> </h2> <p class="diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">Take a minute to look over the pjsip.conf sample file if you haven't already. Then backup your pjsip.conf file and create a new blank one.</p> <p class="diff-context-placeholder" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">...</p> <p class="diff-block-target diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">This configuration is roughly comparable to the chan_sip configuration <span class="diff-html-added" id="added-diff-5" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">in its end result</span>. The pjsip configuration is a little more complex as the channel driver's architecture allows for more flexibility in configuration, so things tend be more modular and broken out.</p> <p class="diff-block-target diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0"> <span class="diff-html-added" id="added-diff-6" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">Each configuration section has a type.</span> </p> <p class="diff-block-target diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">In the <strong><span class="diff-html-added" id="added-diff-7" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">transport</span></strong><span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;"> type section we configure the following:</span> </p>
<ul class="diff-block-target diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">
<li> <p style="margin: 10px 0 0 0; margin-top: 0"> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">type=transport; This defines a transport that can be used by other configuration objects/sections, such as endpoints</span> </p> </li>
<li> <p style="margin: 10px 0 0 0; margin-top: 0"> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">protocol=udp; We want to use the UDP protocol</span> </p> </li>
<li> <p style="margin: 10px 0 0 0; margin-top: 0"> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">bind=0.0.0.0; We want to communicate over the most appropriate available interfaces.</span> </p> </li>
</ul> <p class="diff-block-target diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0"> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">In the </span><strong><span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">endpoint</span></strong><span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;"> template, endpoint_internal:</span> </p>
<ul class="diff-block-target diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">
<li> <p style="margin: 10px 0 0 0; margin-top: 0"> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">type=endpoint; This defines an endpoint; a primary configuration section that you could think of as a profile of settings for a SIP connection</span> </p> </li>
<li> <p style="margin: 10px 0 0 0; margin-top: 0"> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">context=from-internal; When Asterisk receives a call from this phone, it'll look for the dialed extension number inside this context within dialplan (/etc/asterisk/extensions.conf typically)</span> </p> </li>
<li> <p style="margin: 10px 0 0 0; margin-top: 0"> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">disallow=all; Don't allow any codecs to be used except what is set in 'allow'</span> </p> </li>
<li> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">allow=ulaw; Only allow the ulaw codec to be used.</span> </li>
</ul> <p class="diff-block-target diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0"> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">In theauth template, auth_userpass:</span> </p>
<ul class="diff-block-target diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">
<li> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">type=auth; This defines an auth section which describes credentials used for authentication. Any particular endpoint or registration will typically reference an auth section by name.</span> </li>
<li> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">auth_type=userpass; This tells Asterisk to use the 'username' and 'password' options set in this auth. In this case we'll be setting those in the children auths that inherit this template.</span> </li>
</ul> <p class="diff-block-target diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0"> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">In the </span><strong><span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">aor</span></strong><span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;"> template, aor_dynamic:</span> </p>
<ul class="diff-block-target diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">
<li> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">type=aor; This defines an aor section which describe location information making up an Address of Record. Endpoints make use of an </span><span class="diff-html-changed" id="changed-diff-5" style="background-color: #d6f0ff;">AOR </span><span class="diff-html-added" id="added-diff-8" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">so that Asterisk knows where to send calls to the endpoint.</span> </li>
<li> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">max_contacts=1; We want to allow up to a maximum of one registration to this AOR. That is, we are only going to have one phone registering for each AOR.</span> </li>
</ul> <p class="diff-block-target diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0"> <span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">In the AOR </span>type configuration section (see type=aor) we purposefully don't define any contacts, and instead we set "max_contacts=1", this allows us to register phones to the AORs configured for each endpoint. This accomplishes similar behavior to "host=dynamic" for account entries in the older chan_sip driver.</p> <p class="diff-block-target" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0"> <span class="diff-html-added" id="added-diff-9" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">After the templates, you'll see the definitions of the </span><strong><span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">demo-alice</span></strong><span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;"> and </span><strong><span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">demo-bob</span></strong><span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;"> endpoints. In those, all we do is tie them to their own auth and aor sections. In their </span><strong><span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">auth</span></strong><span class="diff-html-added" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;"> sections we set their unique usernames and passwords. In their aor sections we don't set anything, because the necessary settings were already set in the template.</span> </p> <p class="diff-block-target diff-block-context" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">If you want to explore pjsip configuration more deeply <span class="diff-html-added" id="added-diff-10" style="font-size: 100%; background-color: #ddfade;">after you finish this PBX tutorial</span>, check out the <a class="confluence-link unresolved" href="#" style="color: #3b73af; text-decoration: none">Configuring res_pjsip</a> wiki section.</p> <p class="diff-context-placeholder" style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">...</p> </td>
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