[asterisk-commits] akshayb: branch akshayb/ao2_containers_review r282858 - in /team/akshayb/ao2_...
SVN commits to the Asterisk project
asterisk-commits at lists.digium.com
Thu Aug 19 13:46:10 CDT 2010
Author: akshayb
Date: Thu Aug 19 13:46:07 2010
New Revision: 282858
URL: http://svnview.digium.com/svn/asterisk?view=rev&rev=282858
Log:
Adding files
Added:
team/akshayb/ao2_containers_review/include/asterisk/astobj2_btree.h (with props)
team/akshayb/ao2_containers_review/include/asterisk/btree.h (with props)
team/akshayb/ao2_containers_review/main/astobj2_btree.c (with props)
team/akshayb/ao2_containers_review/main/btree.c (with props)
Added: team/akshayb/ao2_containers_review/include/asterisk/astobj2_btree.h
URL: http://svnview.digium.com/svn/asterisk/team/akshayb/ao2_containers_review/include/asterisk/astobj2_btree.h?view=auto&rev=282858
==============================================================================
--- team/akshayb/ao2_containers_review/include/asterisk/astobj2_btree.h (added)
+++ team/akshayb/ao2_containers_review/include/asterisk/astobj2_btree.h Thu Aug 19 13:46:07 2010
@@ -1,0 +1,1120 @@
+/*
+ * astobj2 - replacement containers for asterisk data structures.
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2006 Marta Carbone, Luigi Rizzo - Univ. di Pisa, Italy
+ *
+ * See http://www.asterisk.org for more information about
+ * the Asterisk project. Please do not directly contact
+ * any of the maintainers of this project for assistance;
+ * the project provides a web site, mailing lists and IRC
+ * channels for your use.
+ *
+ * This program is free software, distributed under the terms of
+ * the GNU General Public License Version 2. See the LICENSE file
+ * at the top of the source tree.
+ */
+
+#ifndef _ASTERISK_ASTOBJ2_H
+#define _ASTERISK_ASTOBJ2_H
+
+#include "asterisk/compat.h"
+#include "asterisk/linkedlists.h"
+
+/*! \file
+ * \ref AstObj2
+ *
+ * \page AstObj2 Object Model implementing objects and containers.
+
+This module implements an abstraction for objects (with locks and
+reference counts), and containers for these user-defined objects,
+also supporting locking, reference counting and callbacks.
+
+The internal implementation of objects and containers is opaque to the user,
+so we can use different data structures as needs arise.
+
+\section AstObj2_UsageObjects USAGE - OBJECTS
+
+An ao2 object is a block of memory that the user code can access,
+and for which the system keeps track (with a bit of help from the
+programmer) of the number of references around. When an object has
+no more references (refcount == 0), it is destroyed, by first
+invoking whatever 'destructor' function the programmer specifies
+(it can be NULL if none is necessary), and then freeing the memory.
+This way objects can be shared without worrying who is in charge
+of freeing them.
+As an additional feature, ao2 objects are associated to individual
+locks.
+
+Creating an object requires the size of the object and
+and a pointer to the destructor function:
+
+ struct foo *o;
+
+ o = ao2_alloc(sizeof(struct foo), my_destructor_fn);
+
+The value returned points to the user-visible portion of the objects
+(user-data), but is also used as an identifier for all object-related
+operations such as refcount and lock manipulations.
+
+On return from ao2_alloc():
+
+ - the object has a refcount = 1;
+ - the memory for the object is allocated dynamically and zeroed;
+ - we cannot realloc() the object itself;
+ - we cannot call free(o) to dispose of the object. Rather, we
+ tell the system that we do not need the reference anymore:
+
+ ao2_ref(o, -1)
+
+ causing the destructor to be called (and then memory freed) when
+ the refcount goes to 0.
+
+- ao2_ref(o, +1) can be used to modify the refcount on the
+ object in case we want to pass it around.
+
+- ao2_lock(obj), ao2_unlock(obj), ao2_trylock(obj) can be used
+ to manipulate the lock associated with the object.
+
+
+\section AstObj2_UsageContainers USAGE - CONTAINERS
+
+An ao2 container is an abstract data structure where we can store
+ao2 objects, search them (hopefully in an efficient way), and iterate
+or apply a callback function to them. A container is just an ao2 object
+itself.
+
+A container must first be allocated, specifying the initial
+parameters. At the moment, this is done as follows:
+
+ <b>Sample Usage:</b>
+ \code
+
+ struct ao2_container *c;
+
+ c = ao2_container_alloc(MAX_BUCKETS, my_hash_fn, my_cmp_fn);
+ \endcode
+
+where
+
+- MAX_BUCKETS is the number of buckets in the hash table,
+- my_hash_fn() is the (user-supplied) function that returns a
+ hash key for the object (further reduced modulo MAX_BUCKETS
+ by the container's code);
+- my_cmp_fn() is the default comparison function used when doing
+ searches on the container,
+
+A container knows little or nothing about the objects it stores,
+other than the fact that they have been created by ao2_alloc().
+All knowledge of the (user-defined) internals of the objects
+is left to the (user-supplied) functions passed as arguments
+to ao2_container_alloc().
+
+If we want to insert an object in a container, we should
+initialize its fields -- especially, those used by my_hash_fn() --
+to compute the bucket to use.
+Once done, we can link an object to a container with
+
+ ao2_link(c, o);
+
+The function returns NULL in case of errors (and the object
+is not inserted in the container). Other values mean success
+(we are not supposed to use the value as a pointer to anything).
+Linking an object to a container increases its refcount by 1
+automatically.
+
+\note While an object o is in a container, we expect that
+my_hash_fn(o) will always return the same value. The function
+does not lock the object to be computed, so modifications of
+those fields that affect the computation of the hash should
+be done by extracting the object from the container, and
+reinserting it after the change (this is not terribly expensive).
+
+\note A container with a single buckets is effectively a linked
+list. However there is no ordering among elements.
+
+- \ref AstObj2_Containers
+- \ref astobj2.h All documentation for functions and data structures
+
+ */
+
+/*
+\note DEBUGGING REF COUNTS BIBLE:
+An interface to help debug refcounting is provided
+in this package. It is dependent on the REF_DEBUG macro being
+defined in a source file, before the #include of astobj2.h,
+and in using variants of the normal ao2_xxxx functions
+that are named ao2_t_xxxx instead, with an extra argument, a string,
+that will be printed out into /tmp/refs when the refcount for an
+object is changed.
+
+ these ao2_t_xxxx variants are provided:
+
+ao2_t_alloc(arg1, arg2, arg3)
+ao2_t_ref(arg1,arg2,arg3)
+ao2_t_container_alloc(arg1,arg2,arg3,arg4)
+ao2_t_link(arg1, arg2, arg3)
+ao2_t_unlink(arg1, arg2, arg3)
+ao2_t_callback(arg1,arg2,arg3,arg4,arg5)
+ao2_t_find(arg1,arg2,arg3,arg4)
+ao2_t_iterator_next(arg1, arg2)
+
+If you study each argument list, you will see that these functions all have
+one extra argument that their ao2_xxx counterpart. The last argument in
+each case is supposed to be a string pointer, a "tag", that should contain
+enough of an explanation, that you can pair operations that increment the
+ref count, with operations that are meant to decrement the refcount.
+
+Each of these calls will generate at least one line of output in /tmp/refs.
+These lines look like this:
+...
+0x8756f00 =1 chan_sip.c:22240:load_module (allocate users)
+0x86e3408 =1 chan_sip.c:22241:load_module (allocate peers)
+0x86dd380 =1 chan_sip.c:22242:load_module (allocate peers_by_ip)
+0x822d020 =1 chan_sip.c:22243:load_module (allocate dialogs)
+0x8930fd8 =1 chan_sip.c:20025:build_peer (allocate a peer struct)
+0x8930fd8 +1 chan_sip.c:21467:reload_config (link peer into peer table) [@1]
+0x8930fd8 -1 chan_sip.c:2370:unref_peer (unref_peer: from reload_config) [@2]
+0x89318b0 =1 chan_sip.c:20025:build_peer (allocate a peer struct)
+0x89318b0 +1 chan_sip.c:21467:reload_config (link peer into peer table) [@1]
+0x89318b0 -1 chan_sip.c:2370:unref_peer (unref_peer: from reload_config) [@2]
+0x8930218 =1 chan_sip.c:20025:build_peer (allocate a peer struct)
+0x8930218 +1 chan_sip.c:21539:reload_config (link peer into peers table) [@1]
+0x868c040 -1 chan_sip.c:2424:dialog_unlink_all (unset the relatedpeer->call field in tandem with relatedpeer field itself) [@2]
+0x868c040 -1 chan_sip.c:2443:dialog_unlink_all (Let's unbump the count in the unlink so the poor pvt can disappear if it is time) [@1]
+0x868c040 **call destructor** chan_sip.c:2443:dialog_unlink_all (Let's unbump the count in the unlink so the poor pvt can disappear if it is time)
+0x8cc07e8 -1 chan_sip.c:2370:unref_peer (unsetting a dialog relatedpeer field in sip_destroy) [@3]
+0x8cc07e8 +1 chan_sip.c:3876:find_peer (ao2_find in peers table) [@2]
+0x8cc07e8 -1 chan_sip.c:2370:unref_peer (unref_peer, from sip_devicestate, release ref from find_peer) [@3]
+...
+
+The first column is the object address.
+The second column reflects how the operation affected the ref count
+ for that object. Creation sets the ref count to 1 (=1).
+ increment or decrement and amount are specified (-1/+1).
+The remainder of the line specifies where in the file the call was made,
+ and the function name, and the tag supplied in the function call.
+
+The **call destructor** is specified when the the destroy routine is
+run for an object. It does not affect the ref count, but is important
+in debugging, because it is possible to have the astobj2 system run it
+multiple times on the same object, commonly fatal to asterisk.
+
+Sometimes you have some helper functions to do object ref/unref
+operations. Using these normally hides the place where these
+functions were called. To get the location where these functions
+were called to appear in /tmp/refs, you can do this sort of thing:
+
+#ifdef REF_DEBUG
+#define dialog_ref(arg1,arg2) dialog_ref_debug((arg1),(arg2), __FILE__, __LINE__, __PRETTY_FUNCTION__)
+#define dialog_unref(arg1,arg2) dialog_unref_debug((arg1),(arg2), __FILE__, __LINE__, __PRETTY_FUNCTION__)
+static struct sip_pvt *dialog_ref_debug(struct sip_pvt *p, char *tag, const char *file, int line, const char *func)
+{
+ if (p)
+ ao2_ref_debug(p, 1, tag, file, line, func);
+ else
+ ast_log(LOG_ERROR, "Attempt to Ref a null pointer\n");
+ return p;
+}
+
+static struct sip_pvt *dialog_unref_debug(struct sip_pvt *p, char *tag, const char *file, int line, const char *func)
+{
+ if (p)
+ ao2_ref_debug(p, -1, tag, file, line, func);
+ return NULL;
+}
+#else
+static struct sip_pvt *dialog_ref(struct sip_pvt *p, char *tag)
+{
+ if (p)
+ ao2_ref(p, 1);
+ else
+ ast_log(LOG_ERROR, "Attempt to Ref a null pointer\n");
+ return p;
+}
+
+static struct sip_pvt *dialog_unref(struct sip_pvt *p, char *tag)
+{
+ if (p)
+ ao2_ref(p, -1);
+ return NULL;
+}
+#endif
+
+In the above code, note that the "normal" helper funcs call ao2_ref() as
+normal, and the "helper" functions call ao2_ref_debug directly with the
+file, function, and line number info provided. You might find this
+well worth the effort to help track these function calls in the code.
+
+To find out why objects are not destroyed (a common bug), you can
+edit the source file to use the ao2_t_* variants, add the #define REF_DEBUG 1
+before the #include "asterisk/astobj2.h" line, and add a descriptive
+tag to each call. Recompile, and run Asterisk, exit asterisk with
+"stop gracefully", which should result in every object being destroyed.
+Then, you can "sort -k 1 /tmp/refs > x1" to get a sorted list of
+all the objects, or you can use "util/refcounter" to scan the file
+for you and output any problems it finds.
+
+The above may seem astronomically more work than it is worth to debug
+reference counts, which may be true in "simple" situations, but for
+more complex situations, it is easily worth 100 times this effort to
+help find problems.
+
+To debug, pair all calls so that each call that increments the
+refcount is paired with a corresponding call that decrements the
+count for the same reason. Hopefully, you will be left with one
+or more unpaired calls. This is where you start your search!
+
+For instance, here is an example of this for a dialog object in
+chan_sip, that was not getting destroyed, after I moved the lines around
+to pair operations:
+
+ 0x83787a0 =1 chan_sip.c:5733:sip_alloc (allocate a dialog(pvt) struct)
+ 0x83787a0 -1 chan_sip.c:19173:sip_poke_peer (unref dialog at end of sip_poke_peer, obtained from sip_alloc, just before it goes out of scope) [@4]
+
+ 0x83787a0 +1 chan_sip.c:5854:sip_alloc (link pvt into dialogs table) [@1]
+ 0x83787a0 -1 chan_sip.c:19150:sip_poke_peer (About to change the callid -- remove the old name) [@3]
+ 0x83787a0 +1 chan_sip.c:19152:sip_poke_peer (Linking in under new name) [@2]
+ 0x83787a0 -1 chan_sip.c:2399:dialog_unlink_all (unlinking dialog via ao2_unlink) [@5]
+
+ 0x83787a0 +1 chan_sip.c:19130:sip_poke_peer (copy sip alloc from p to peer->call) [@2]
+
+
+ 0x83787a0 +1 chan_sip.c:2996:__sip_reliable_xmit (__sip_reliable_xmit: setting pkt->owner) [@3]
+ 0x83787a0 -1 chan_sip.c:2425:dialog_unlink_all (remove all current packets in this dialog, and the pointer to the dialog too as part of __sip_destroy) [@4]
+
+ 0x83787a0 +1 chan_sip.c:22356:unload_module (iterate thru dialogs) [@4]
+ 0x83787a0 -1 chan_sip.c:22359:unload_module (toss dialog ptr from iterator_next) [@5]
+
+
+ 0x83787a0 +1 chan_sip.c:22373:unload_module (iterate thru dialogs) [@3]
+ 0x83787a0 -1 chan_sip.c:22375:unload_module (throw away iterator result) [@2]
+
+ 0x83787a0 +1 chan_sip.c:2397:dialog_unlink_all (Let's bump the count in the unlink so it doesn't accidentally become dead before we are done) [@4]
+ 0x83787a0 -1 chan_sip.c:2436:dialog_unlink_all (Let's unbump the count in the unlink so the poor pvt can disappear if it is time) [@3]
+
+As you can see, only one unbalanced operation is in the list, a ref count increment when
+the peer->call was set, but no corresponding decrement was made...
+
+Hopefully this helps you narrow your search and find those bugs.
+
+THE ART OF REFERENCE COUNTING
+(by Steve Murphy)
+SOME TIPS for complicated code, and ref counting:
+
+1. Theoretically, passing a refcounted object pointer into a function
+call is an act of copying the reference, and could be refcounted.
+But, upon examination, this sort of refcounting will explode the amount
+of code you have to enter, and for no tangible benefit, beyond
+creating more possible failure points/bugs. It will even
+complicate your code and make debugging harder, slow down your program
+doing useless increments and decrements of the ref counts.
+
+2. It is better to track places where a ref counted pointer
+is copied into a structure or stored. Make sure to decrement the refcount
+of any previous pointer that might have been there, if setting
+this field might erase a previous pointer. ao2_find and iterate_next
+internally increment the ref count when they return a pointer, so
+you need to decrement the count before the pointer goes out of scope.
+
+3. Any time you decrement a ref count, it may be possible that the
+object will be destroyed (freed) immediately by that call. If you
+are destroying a series of fields in a refcounted object, and
+any of the unref calls might possibly result in immediate destruction,
+you can first increment the count to prevent such behavior, then
+after the last test, decrement the pointer to allow the object
+to be destroyed, if the refcount would be zero.
+
+Example:
+
+ dialog_ref(dialog, "Let's bump the count in the unlink so it doesn't accidentally become dead before we are done");
+
+ ao2_t_unlink(dialogs, dialog, "unlinking dialog via ao2_unlink");
+
+ *//* Unlink us from the owner (channel) if we have one *//*
+ if (dialog->owner) {
+ if (lockowner)
+ ast_channel_lock(dialog->owner);
+ ast_debug(1, "Detaching from channel %s\n", dialog->owner->name);
+ dialog->owner->tech_pvt = dialog_unref(dialog->owner->tech_pvt, "resetting channel dialog ptr in unlink_all");
+ if (lockowner)
+ ast_channel_unlock(dialog->owner);
+ }
+ if (dialog->registry) {
+ if (dialog->registry->call == dialog)
+ dialog->registry->call = dialog_unref(dialog->registry->call, "nulling out the registry's call dialog field in unlink_all");
+ dialog->registry = registry_unref(dialog->registry, "delete dialog->registry");
+ }
+ ...
+ dialog_unref(dialog, "Let's unbump the count in the unlink so the poor pvt can disappear if it is time");
+
+In the above code, the ao2_t_unlink could end up destroying the dialog
+object; if this happens, then the subsequent usages of the dialog
+pointer could result in a core dump. So, we 'bump' the
+count upwards before beginning, and then decrementing the count when
+we are finished. This is analogous to 'locking' or 'protecting' operations
+for a short while.
+
+4. One of the most insidious problems I've run into when converting
+code to do ref counted automatic destruction, is in the destruction
+routines. Where a "destroy" routine had previously been called to
+get rid of an object in non-refcounted code, the new regime demands
+that you tear that "destroy" routine into two pieces, one that will
+tear down the links and 'unref' them, and the other to actually free
+and reset fields. A destroy routine that does any reference deletion
+for its own object, will never be called. Another insidious problem
+occurs in mutually referenced structures. As an example, a dialog contains
+a pointer to a peer, and a peer contains a pointer to a dialog. Watch
+out that the destruction of one doesn't depend on the destruction of the
+other, as in this case a dependency loop will result in neither being
+destroyed!
+
+Given the above, you should be ready to do a good job!
+
+murf
+
+*/
+
+
+
+/*! \brief
+ * Typedef for an object destructor. This is called just before freeing
+ * the memory for the object. It is passed a pointer to the user-defined
+ * data of the object.
+ */
+typedef void (*ao2_destructor_fn)(void *);
+
+
+/*! \brief
+ * Allocate and initialize an object.
+ *
+ * \param data_size The sizeof() of the user-defined structure.
+ * \param destructor_fn The destructor function (can be NULL)
+ * \param debug_msg
+ * \return A pointer to user-data.
+ *
+ * Allocates a struct astobj2 with sufficient space for the
+ * user-defined structure.
+ * \note
+ * - storage is zeroed; XXX maybe we want a flag to enable/disable this.
+ * - the refcount of the object just created is 1
+ * - the returned pointer cannot be free()'d or realloc()'ed;
+ * rather, we just call ao2_ref(o, -1);
+ *
+ * @{
+ */
+
+#if defined(REF_DEBUG)
+
+#define ao2_t_alloc(data_size, destructor_fn, debug_msg) __ao2_alloc_debug_btree((data_size), (destructor_fn), (debug_msg), __FILE__, __LINE__, __PRETTY_FUNCTION__, 1)
+#define ao2_alloc(data_size, destructor_fn) __ao2_alloc_debug_btree((data_size), (destructor_fn), "", __FILE__, __LINE__, __PRETTY_FUNCTION__, 1)
+
+#elif defined(__AST_DEBUG_MALLOC)
+
+#define ao2_t_alloc(data_size, destructor_fn, debug_msg) __ao2_alloc_debug_btree((data_size), (destructor_fn), (debug_msg), __FILE__, __LINE__, __PRETTY_FUNCTION__, 0)
+#define ao2_alloc(data_size, destructor_fn) __ao2_alloc_debug_btree((data_size), (destructor_fn), "", __FILE__, __LINE__, __PRETTY_FUNCTION__, 0)
+
+#else
+
+#define ao2_t_alloc(data_size, destructor_fn, debug_msg) __ao2_alloc_btree((data_size), (destructor_fn))
+#define ao2_alloc(data_size, destructor_fn) __ao2_alloc_btree((data_size), (destructor_fn))
+
+#endif
+
+void *__ao2_alloc_debug_btree(const size_t data_size, ao2_destructor_fn destructor_fn, char *tag,
+ const char *file, int line, const char *funcname, int ref_debug);
+void *__ao2_alloc_btree(const size_t data_size, ao2_destructor_fn destructor_fn);
+
+/*! @} */
+
+/*! \brief
+ * Reference/unreference an object and return the old refcount.
+ *
+ * \param o A pointer to the object
+ * \param delta Value to add to the reference counter.
+ * \param tag used for debugging
+ * \return The value of the reference counter before the operation.
+ *
+ * Increase/decrease the reference counter according
+ * the value of delta.
+ *
+ * If the refcount goes to zero, the object is destroyed.
+ *
+ * \note The object must not be locked by the caller of this function, as
+ * it is invalid to try to unlock it after releasing the reference.
+ *
+ * \note if we know the pointer to an object, it is because we
+ * have a reference count to it, so the only case when the object
+ * can go away is when we release our reference, and it is
+ * the last one in existence.
+ *
+ * @{
+ */
+
+#ifdef REF_DEBUG
+
+#define ao2_t_ref(o,delta,tag) __ao2_ref_debug_btree((o), (delta), (tag), __FILE__, __LINE__, __PRETTY_FUNCTION__)
+#define ao2_ref(o,delta) __ao2_ref_debug_btree((o), (delta), "", __FILE__, __LINE__, __PRETTY_FUNCTION__)
+
+#else
+
+#define ao2_t_ref(o,delta,tag) __ao2_ref_btree((o), (delta))
+#define ao2_ref(o,delta) __ao2_ref_btree((o), (delta))
+
+#endif
+
+int __ao2_ref_debug_btree(void *o, int delta, char *tag, char *file, int line, const char *funcname);
+int __ao2_ref_btree(void *o, int delta);
+
+/*! @} */
+
+/*! \brief
+ * Lock an object.
+ *
+ * \param a A pointer to the object we want to lock.
+ * \return 0 on success, other values on error.
+ */
+int __ao2_lock_btree(void *a, const char *file, const char *func, int line, const char *var);
+#define ao2_lock(a) __ao2_lock_btree(a, __FILE__, __PRETTY_FUNCTION__, __LINE__, #a)
+
+/*! \brief
+ * Unlock an object.
+ *
+ * \param a A pointer to the object we want unlock.
+ * \return 0 on success, other values on error.
+ */
+int __ao2_unlock_btree(void *a, const char *file, const char *func, int line, const char *var);
+#define ao2_unlock_btree(a) __ao2_unlock_btree(a, __FILE__, __PRETTY_FUNCTION__, __LINE__, #a)
+
+/*! \brief
+ * Try locking-- (don't block if fail)
+ *
+ * \param a A pointer to the object we want to lock.
+ * \return 0 on success, other values on error.
+ */
+int __ao2_trylock_btree(void *a, const char *file, const char *func, int line, const char *var);
+#define ao2_trylock_btree(a) __ao2_trylock_btree(a, __FILE__, __PRETTY_FUNCTION__, __LINE__, #a)
+
+/*!
+ * \brief Return the lock address of an object
+ *
+ * \param[in] obj A pointer to the object we want.
+ * \return the address of the lock, else NULL.
+ *
+ * This function comes in handy mainly for debugging locking
+ * situations, where the locking trace code reports the
+ * lock address, this allows you to correlate against
+ * object address, to match objects to reported locks.
+ *
+ * \since 1.6.1
+ */
+void *ao2_object_get_lockaddr_btree(void *obj);
+
+/*!
+ \page AstObj2_Containers AstObj2 Containers
+
+Containers are data structures meant to store several objects,
+and perform various operations on them.
+Internally, objects are stored in lists, hash tables or other
+data structures depending on the needs.
+
+\note NOTA BENE: at the moment the only container we support is the
+ hash table and its degenerate form, the list.
+
+Operations on container include:
+
+ - c = \b ao2_container_alloc(size, hash_fn, cmp_fn)
+ allocate a container with desired size and default compare
+ and hash function
+ -The compare function returns an int, which
+ can be 0 for not found, CMP_STOP to stop end a traversal,
+ or CMP_MATCH if they are equal
+ -The hash function returns an int. The hash function
+ takes two argument, the object pointer and a flags field,
+
+ - \b ao2_find(c, arg, flags)
+ returns zero or more element matching a given criteria
+ (specified as arg). 'c' is the container pointer. Flags
+ can be:
+ OBJ_UNLINK - to remove the object, once found, from the container.
+ OBJ_NODATA - don't return the object if found (no ref count change)
+ OBJ_MULTIPLE - don't stop at first match
+ OBJ_POINTER - if set, 'arg' is an object pointer, and a hashtable
+ search will be done. If not, a traversal is done.
+
+ - \b ao2_callback(c, flags, fn, arg)
+ apply fn(obj, arg) to all objects in the container.
+ Similar to find. fn() can tell when to stop, and
+ do anything with the object including unlinking it.
+ - c is the container;
+ - flags can be
+ OBJ_UNLINK - to remove the object, once found, from the container.
+ OBJ_NODATA - don't return the object if found (no ref count change)
+ OBJ_MULTIPLE - don't stop at first match
+ OBJ_POINTER - if set, 'arg' is an object pointer, and a hashtable
+ search will be done. If not, a traversal is done through
+ all the hashtable 'buckets'..
+ - fn is a func that returns int, and takes 3 args:
+ (void *obj, void *arg, int flags);
+ obj is an object
+ arg is the same as arg passed into ao2_callback
+ flags is the same as flags passed into ao2_callback
+ fn returns:
+ 0: no match, keep going
+ CMP_STOP: stop search, no match
+ CMP_MATCH: This object is matched.
+
+ Note that the entire operation is run with the container
+ locked, so noone else can change its content while we work on it.
+ However, we pay this with the fact that doing
+ anything blocking in the callback keeps the container
+ blocked.
+ The mechanism is very flexible because the callback function fn()
+ can do basically anything e.g. counting, deleting records, etc.
+ possibly using arg to store the results.
+
+ - \b iterate on a container
+ this is done with the following sequence
+
+\code
+
+ struct ao2_container *c = ... // our container
+ struct ao2_iterator i;
+ void *o;
+
+ i = ao2_iterator_init_btree(c, flags);
+
+ while ( (o = ao2_iterator_next(&i)) ) {
+ ... do something on o ...
+ ao2_ref(o, -1);
+ }
+
+ ao2_iterator_destroy_btree(&i);
+\endcode
+
+ The difference with the callback is that the control
+ on how to iterate is left to us.
+
+ - \b ao2_ref(c, -1)
+ dropping a reference to a container destroys it, very simple!
+
+Containers are ao2 objects themselves, and this is why their
+implementation is simple too.
+
+Before declaring containers, we need to declare the types of the
+arguments passed to the constructor - in turn, this requires
+to define callback and hash functions and their arguments.
+
+- \ref AstObj2
+- \ref astobj2.h
+ */
+
+/*! \brief
+ * Type of a generic callback function
+ * \param obj pointer to the (user-defined part) of an object.
+ * \param arg callback argument from ao2_callback()
+ * \param flags flags from ao2_callback()
+ *
+ * The return values are a combination of enum _cb_results.
+ * Callback functions are used to search or manipulate objects in a container.
+ */
+typedef int (ao2_callback_fn)(void *obj, void *arg, int flags);
+
+/*! \brief
+ * Type of a generic callback function
+ * \param obj pointer to the (user-defined part) of an object.
+ * \param arg callback argument from ao2_callback()
+ * \param data arbitrary data from ao2_callback()
+ * \param flags flags from ao2_callback()
+ *
+ * The return values are a combination of enum _cb_results.
+ * Callback functions are used to search or manipulate objects in a container.
+ */
+typedef int (ao2_callback_data_fn)(void *obj, void *arg, void *data, int flags);
+
+/*! \brief a very common callback is one that matches by address. */
+ao2_callback_fn ao2_match_by_addr_btree;
+
+/*! \brief
+ * A callback function will return a combination of CMP_MATCH and CMP_STOP.
+ * The latter will terminate the search in a container.
+ */
+enum _cb_results {
+ CMP_MATCH = 0x1, /*!< the object matches the request */
+ CMP_STOP = 0x2, /*!< stop the search now */
+};
+
+/*! \brief
+ * Flags passed to ao2_callback() and ao2_hash_fn() to modify its behaviour.
+ */
+enum search_flags {
+ /*! Unlink the object for which the callback function
+ * returned CMP_MATCH.
+ */
+ OBJ_UNLINK = (1 << 0),
+ /*! On match, don't return the object hence do not increase
+ * its refcount.
+ */
+ OBJ_NODATA = (1 << 1),
+ /*! Don't stop at the first match in ao2_callback() unless the result of
+ * of the callback function == (CMP_STOP | CMP_MATCH).
+ */
+ OBJ_MULTIPLE = (1 << 2),
+ /*! obj is an object of the same type as the one being searched for,
+ * so use the object's hash function for optimized searching.
+ * The search function is unaffected (i.e. use the one passed as
+ * argument, or match_by_addr if none specified).
+ */
+ OBJ_POINTER = (1 << 3),
+ /*!
+ * \brief Continue if a match is not found in the hashed out bucket
+ *
+ * This flag is to be used in combination with OBJ_POINTER. This tells
+ * the ao2_callback() core to keep searching through the rest of the
+ * buckets if a match is not found in the starting bucket defined by
+ * the hash value on the argument.
+ */
+ OBJ_CONTINUE = (1 << 4),
+};
+
+/*!
+ * Type of a generic function to generate a hash value from an object.
+ * flags is ignored at the moment. Eventually, it will include the
+ * value of OBJ_POINTER passed to ao2_callback().
+ */
+typedef int (ao2_hash_fn)(const void *obj, const int flags);
+
+/*! \name Object Containers
+ * Here start declarations of containers.
+ */
+/*@{ */
+struct ao2_container;
+
+/*! \brief
+ * Allocate and initialize a container
+ * with the desired number of buckets.
+ *
+ * We allocate space for a struct astobj_container, struct container
+ * and the buckets[] array.
+ *
+ * \param arg1 Number of buckets for hash
+ * \param arg2 Pointer to a function computing a hash value.
+ * \param arg3 Pointer to a function comparating key-value
+ * with a string. (can be NULL)
+ * \param arg4
+ *
+ * \return A pointer to a struct container.
+ *
+ * \note Destructor is set implicitly.
+ */
+
+#if defined(REF_DEBUG)
+
+#define ao2_t_container_alloc(arg1,arg2,arg3) __ao2_container_alloc_debug_btree((arg1), (arg2), __FILE__, __LINE__, __PRETTY_FUNCTION__, 1)
+#define ao2_container_alloc(arg1,arg2) __ao2_container_alloc_debug_btree((arg1), (arg2), "", __FILE__, __LINE__, __PRETTY_FUNCTION__, 1)
+
+#elif defined(__AST_DEBUG_MALLOC)
+
+#define ao2_t_container_alloc(arg1,arg2,arg3) __ao2_container_alloc_debug_btree((arg1), (arg2), __FILE__, __LINE__, __PRETTY_FUNCTION__, 0)
+#define ao2_container_alloc(arg1,arg2,arg3) __ao2_container_alloc_debug_btree((arg1), (arg2), "", __FILE__, __LINE__, __PRETTY_FUNCTION__, 0)
+
+#else
+#define ao2_t_container_alloc(arg1,arg2,arg3) __ao2_container_alloc_btree((arg1), (arg2))
+#define ao2_container_alloc(arg1,arg2) __ao2_container_alloc_btree((arg1), (arg2))
+
+#endif
+
+struct ao2_container *__ao2_container_alloc_btree(ao2_callback_fn *cmp_fn, int order);
+struct ao2_container *__ao2_container_alloc_debug_btree(ao2_callback_fn *cmp_fn, int order, char*tag, char *file, int line, const char *funcname, int ref_debug);
+/*! \brief
+ * Returns the number of elements in a container.
+ */
+int ao2_container_count_btree(struct ao2_container *c);
+
+/*@} */
+
+/*! \name Object Management
+ * Here we have functions to manage objects.
+ *
+ * We can use the functions below on any kind of
+ * object defined by the user.
+ */
+/*@{ */
+
+/*!
+ * \brief Add an object to a container.
+ *
+ * \param arg1 the container to operate on.
+ * \param arg2 the object to be added.
+ * \param arg3 used for debuging.
+ *
+ * \retval NULL on errors.
+ * \retval newobj on success.
+ *
+ * This function inserts an object in a container according its key.
+ *
+ * \note Remember to set the key before calling this function.
+ *
+ * \note This function automatically increases the reference count to account
+ * for the reference that the container now holds to the object.
+ */
+#ifdef REF_DEBUG
+
+#define ao2_t_link(arg1, arg2, arg3) __ao2_link_debug((arg1), (arg2), (arg3), __FILE__, __LINE__, __PRETTY_FUNCTION__)
+#define ao2_link(arg1, arg2) __ao2_link_debug((arg1), (arg2), "", __FILE__, __LINE__, __PRETTY_FUNCTION__)
+
+#else
+
+#define ao2_t_link(arg1, arg2, arg3) __ao2_link((arg1), (arg2))
+#define ao2_link(arg1, arg2) __ao2_link((arg1), (arg2))
+
+#endif
+
+void *__ao2_link_debug(struct ao2_container *c, void *new_obj, char *tag, char *file, int line, const char *funcname);
+void *__ao2_link(struct ao2_container *c, void *newobj);
+
+/*!
+ * \brief Remove an object from a container
+ *
+ * \param arg1 the container
+ * \param arg2 the object to unlink
+ * \param arg3 tag for debugging
+ *
+ * \retval NULL, always
+ *
+ * \note The object requested to be unlinked must be valid. However, if it turns
+ * out that it is not in the container, this function is still safe to
+ * be called.
+ *
+ * \note If the object gets unlinked from the container, the container's
+ * reference to the object will be automatically released. (The
+ * refcount will be decremented).
+ */
+#ifdef REF_DEBUG
+
+#define ao2_t_unlink(arg1, arg2, arg3) __ao2_unlink_debug_btree((arg1), (arg2), (arg3), __FILE__, __LINE__, __PRETTY_FUNCTION__)
+#define ao2_unlink(arg1, arg2) __ao2_unlink_debug_btree((arg1), (arg2), "", __FILE__, __LINE__, __PRETTY_FUNCTION__)
+
+#else
+
+#define ao2_t_unlink(arg1, arg2, arg3) __ao2_unlink_btree((arg1), (arg2))
+#define ao2_unlink(arg1, arg2) __ao2_unlink_btree((arg1), (arg2))
+
+#endif
+
+void *__ao2_unlink_debug_btree(struct ao2_container *c, void *obj, char *tag, char *file, int line, const char *funcname);
+void *__ao2_unlink_btree(struct ao2_container *c, void *obj);
+
+
+/*@} */
+
+/*! \brief
+ * ao2_callback() is a generic function that applies cb_fn() to all objects
+ * in a container, as described below.
+ *
+ * \param c A pointer to the container to operate on.
+ * \param flags A set of flags specifying the operation to perform,
+ partially used by the container code, but also passed to
+ the callback.
+ - If OBJ_NODATA is set, ao2_callback will return NULL. No refcounts
+ of any of the traversed objects will be incremented.
+ On the converse, if it is NOT set (the default), The ref count
+ of each object for which CMP_MATCH was set will be incremented,
+ and you will have no way of knowing which those are, until
+ the multiple-object-return functionality is implemented.
+ - If OBJ_POINTER is set, the traversed items will be restricted
+ to the objects in the bucket that the object key hashes to.
+ * \param cb_fn A function pointer, that will be called on all
+ objects, to see if they match. This function returns CMP_MATCH
+ if the object is matches the criteria; CMP_STOP if the traversal
+ should immediately stop, or both (via bitwise ORing), if you find a
+ match and want to end the traversal, and 0 if the object is not a match,
+ but the traversal should continue. This is the function that is applied
+ to each object traversed. Its arguments are:
+ (void *obj, void *arg, int flags), where:
+ obj is an object
+ arg is the same as arg passed into ao2_callback
+ flags is the same as flags passed into ao2_callback (flags are
+ also used by ao2_callback).
+ * \param arg passed to the callback.
+ * \param tag used for debuging.
+ * \return when OBJ_MULTIPLE is not included in the flags parameter,
+ * the return value will be either the object found or NULL if no
+ * no matching object was found. if OBJ_MULTIPLE is included,
+ * the return value will be a pointer to an ao2_iterator object,
+ * which must be destroyed with ao2_iterator_destroy_btree() when the
+ * caller no longer needs it.
+ *
+ * If the function returns any objects, their refcount is incremented,
+ * and the caller is in charge of decrementing them once done.
+ *
+ * Typically, ao2_callback() is used for two purposes:
+ * - to perform some action (including removal from the container) on one
+ * or more objects; in this case, cb_fn() can modify the object itself,
+ * and to perform deletion should set CMP_MATCH on the matching objects,
+ * and have OBJ_UNLINK set in flags.
+ * - to look for a specific object in a container; in this case, cb_fn()
+ * should not modify the object, but just return a combination of
+ * CMP_MATCH and CMP_STOP on the desired object.
+ * Other usages are also possible, of course.
+
+ * This function searches through a container and performs operations
+ * on objects according on flags passed.
+ * XXX describe better
+ * The comparison is done calling the compare function set implicitly.
+ * The p pointer can be a pointer to an object or to a key,
+ * we can say this looking at flags value.
+ * If p points to an object we will search for the object pointed
+ * by this value, otherwise we serch for a key value.
+ * If the key is not unique we only find the first matching valued.
+ *
+ * The use of flags argument is the follow:
+ *
+ * OBJ_UNLINK unlinks the object found
+ * OBJ_NODATA on match, do return an object
+ * Callbacks use OBJ_NODATA as a default
+ * functions such as find() do
+ * OBJ_MULTIPLE return multiple matches
+ * Default is no.
+ * OBJ_POINTER the pointer is an object pointer
+ *
+ * \note When the returned object is no longer in use, ao2_ref() should
+ * be used to free the additional reference possibly created by this function.
+ *
+ * @{
+ */
+#ifdef REF_DEBUG
+
+#define ao2_t_callback(c,flags,cb_fn,arg,tag) __ao2_callback_debug_btree((c), (flags), (cb_fn), (arg), (tag), __FILE__, __LINE__, __PRETTY_FUNCTION__)
+#define ao2_callback(c,flags,cb_fn,arg) __ao2_callback_debug_btree((c), (flags), (cb_fn), (arg), "", __FILE__, __LINE__, __PRETTY_FUNCTION__)
+
+#else
+
+#define ao2_t_callback(c,flags,cb_fn,arg,tag) __ao2_callback_btree((c), (flags), (cb_fn), (arg))
+#define ao2_callback(c,flags,cb_fn,arg) __ao2_callback_btree((c), (flags), (cb_fn), (arg))
+
+#endif
+
+void *__ao2_callback_debug_btree(struct ao2_container *c, enum search_flags flags, ao2_callback_fn *cb_fn,
+ void *arg, char *tag, char *file, int line, const char *funcname);
+void *__ao2_callback_btree(struct ao2_container *c, enum search_flags flags, ao2_callback_fn *cb_fn, void *arg);
+
+/*! @} */
+
+/*! \brief
+ * ao2_callback_data() is a generic function that applies cb_fn() to all objects
+ * in a container. It is functionally identical to ao2_callback() except that
+ * instead of taking an ao2_callback_fn *, it takes an ao2_callback_data_fn *, and
+ * allows the caller to pass in arbitrary data.
+ *
+ * This call would be used instead of ao2_callback() when the caller needs to pass
+ * OBJ_POINTER as part of the flags argument (which in turn requires passing in a
+ * prototype ao2 object for 'arg') and also needs access to other non-global data
+ * to complete it's comparison or task.
+ *
+ * See the documentation for ao2_callback() for argument descriptions.
+ *
+ * \see ao2_callback()
+ */
+#ifdef REF_DEBUG
+
+#define ao2_t_callback_data(arg1,arg2,arg3,arg4,arg5,arg6) __ao2_callback_data_debug_btree((arg1), (arg2), (arg3), (arg4), (arg5), (arg6), __FILE__, __LINE__, __PRETTY_FUNCTION__)
+#define ao2_callback_data(arg1,arg2,arg3,arg4,arg5) __ao2_callback_data_debug_btree((arg1), (arg2), (arg3), (arg4), (arg5), "", __FILE__, __LINE__, __PRETTY_FUNCTION__)
+
+#else
+
+#define ao2_t_callback_data(arg1,arg2,arg3,arg4,arg5,arg6) __ao2_callback_data_btree((arg1), (arg2), (arg3), (arg4), (arg5))
+#define ao2_callback_data(arg1,arg2,arg3,arg4,arg5) __ao2_callback_data_btree((arg1), (arg2), (arg3), (arg4), (arg5))
+
+#endif
+
+void *__ao2_callback_data_debug_btree(struct ao2_container *c, enum search_flags flags,
+ ao2_callback_data_fn *cb_fn, void *arg, void *data, char *tag,
+ char *file, int line, const char *funcname);
+void *__ao2_callback_data_btree(struct ao2_container *c, enum search_flags flags,
+ ao2_callback_data_fn *cb_fn, void *arg, void *data);
+
+/*! ao2_find() is a short hand for ao2_callback(c, flags, c->cmp_fn, arg)
[... 2262 lines stripped ...]
More information about the asterisk-commits
mailing list